金属加工液净化再生过程与设备研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 05:32

本文选题：金属加工液 + 净化再生　；参考：《大连交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,国内外切削加工方法对环境造成的污染污染仍然很大。非传统的干切削、喷气冷却和液氮冷却干式加工是主要加工方式,干加工方式既有有点也有缺点,因此离全面取代水基切削液的湿式加工还相当遥远,高性能绿色环保型水基金属切削液的开发仍具有重要的意义。尽管处理金属加工液废液的方法有很多并且已趋于成熟,但这些方法无一例外地造成金属加工液中大量有效成分的损失,研究一种对处理成本低、节能减排且对人类无害、对环境友好的处理方法具有重要意义。针对金属加工液失效原因,调查分析后设计研发了金属加工液净化再生设备。既能降低了废水处理成本,又节能减排,更对环境保护做出了贡献,一举三得。金属加工液净化再生主要分为来水调节系统、溶气释气系统、臭氧紫外杀菌系统、共凝聚气浮系统和排水排渣系统,其中溶气释气系统先使用臭氧后使用空气做溶气;共凝聚气浮系统为二级气浮,一级分离区与二级分离区分别对应两套混凝剂加药管线;杀菌方式为臭氧杀菌与紫外杀菌联合作用。金属加工液净化再生设备在调试期连续进水运行,控制金属加工液进水流量为600L/h,循环周期为1小时。溶气系统中臭氧或空气进气量为7%,总溶气水进水量在350L/h左右,其中一级分离区210L/h,二级分离区140L/h;溶气泵处压力调节为0.5MPa;设备循环运行5小时,每循环一次即每隔一小时取一次水样,通过检测加工液pH、电导率、COD、细菌总数、含油量、固体悬浮物等指标,确定设备最佳循环时间为2小时。金属加工液净化再生设备循环净化2小时后:出水PH稳定在8.5左右;在净化过程中,加工液电导率几乎稳定不变;出水COD损失率小于10%;杀菌率可达到99.6%;出水含油量去除率达到90%以上;出水悬浮物去除率达95%;过滤性能远优于原水;出水颜色为原本白色变为乳白色,难闻的臭味也消失。净化再生后金属加工液贮存安定性、pH值、消泡性、防腐蚀性和防锈等性能经国标法测试满足GB6144-85。实验结果表明用“二级混凝气浮分离技术+臭氧紫外杀菌”技术净化金属加工液的方法具有可行性,以此方法设计研发的金属加工液净化再生设备净化后出水达标,证明设备有效。
[Abstract]:At present, the environmental pollution caused by cutting and processing methods at home and abroad is still very large. Non-traditional dry cutting, jet cooling and liquid nitrogen cooling are the main processing methods. Dry machining has both some and some disadvantages, so it is far away from the wet machining, which completely replaces the water-based cutting fluid. The development of high performance green environmental-friendly water-based metal cutting fluid is still of great significance. Although there are many and mature methods to treat metal working liquid waste, without exception, these methods have caused the loss of a large number of active components in metal working fluid, and a research on the treatment of low cost, energy saving and emission reduction is not harmful to human beings. Environmental friendly treatment is of great significance. According to the failure reason of metal working fluid, the purification and regeneration equipment of metal working fluid was designed and developed after investigation and analysis. It can not only reduce the cost of wastewater treatment, but also save energy and reduce emissions. The purification and regeneration of metal processing liquid is mainly divided into water regulation system, dissolved gas release system, ozone ultraviolet sterilization system, co-condensed air floatation system and drainage and slag drainage system, in which the dissolved gas release system first uses ozone and then uses air as dissolved gas. The cocondensed air floatation system consists of two sets of coagulant pipeline corresponding to the primary separation zone and the secondary separation zone respectively, and the bactericidal method is the combination of ozone sterilization and ultraviolet sterilization. The metal working fluid purifying and regenerating equipment runs continuously in the commissioning period. The flow rate of the metal working fluid is 600L / h and the cycle period is 1 hour. The ozone or air intake in the dissolved gas system is 7. The total water intake of dissolved gas is about 350L/h, in which the primary separation zone is 210 L / h and the secondary separation zone is 140 L / h; the pressure at the dissolved gas pump is adjusted to 0.5 MPA; the equipment circulates for 5 hours. Water samples are taken once every cycle and every other hour. By detecting pH of processing fluid, conductivity of COD, total number of bacteria, oil content, solid suspended matter and so on, the optimum cycle time of the equipment is determined to be 2 hours. After 2 hours of recycling purification of metal processing fluid purification and regeneration equipment, the PH of effluent was stable at about 8.5, and the conductivity of processing fluid was almost stable in the process of purification. The COD loss rate of the effluent is less than 10; the bactericidal rate can reach 99.6; the removal rate of the oil content in the effluent reaches more than 90%; the removal rate of the suspended substance in the effluent reaches 95%; the filtration performance is far better than that of the raw water; the color of the effluent is originally white to milky white, and the bad odor also disappears. The storage stability, defoaming, corrosion resistance and rust resistance of the purified and regenerated metal working fluid were tested by GB 6144-85 by GB 6144-85. The experimental results show that it is feasible to purify metal processing liquid by using "secondary coagulation and air flotation separation technology ozone ultraviolet sterilization" technology. Prove that the equipment is valid.
【学位授予单位】：大连交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X76

【参考文献】