城市公园对夏季热环境的影响——以上海市中心城区为例

发布时间：2018-05-03 10:35

本文选题：城市公园 + 亮度温度　；参考：《生态环境学报》2016年10期

【摘要】：上海是我国城市化程度最高的城市之一,快速城市化导致了城市热岛效应显著增强,影响着城市生态环境。了解城市公园对热环境的影响,对指导本市绿地公园的规划与建设,缓解城市热岛效益具有实用价值和参考意义,对国内其他城市的相关研究也有一定参考价值。基于Landsat遥感影像和航空遥感影像,采用RS和GIS技术,定量分析了上海市建成区内的绿地公园对热环境的影响。结果表明:(1)研究区域内高温区域分布广泛,同时有低温区域分散分布,中环和内环的低温区域主要零星分布在河流及绿地公园等地,形成明显的热岛空洞,显示出绿地公园对城市热环境的降温效应;(2)绿地公园对周围区域降温作用明显,平均降温幅度为1.55 K,但降温作用存在明显差异,降温作用随距离增加而减弱,对周围200m区域范围内降温效果较为明显;(3)绿地公园对周围环境的降温作用与其本身结构特征等因素息息相关,降温幅度与公园内人工表面比重、水域比重、公园形状和面积存在较强的相关性,与景观聚集程度和植被分布的相关性相对较弱。
[Abstract]:Shanghai is one of the cities with the highest degree of urbanization in China. Rapid urbanization has led to a significant enhancement of the urban heat island effect and affected the urban ecological environment. Understanding the influence of urban parks on the thermal environment, guiding the planning and construction of green parks in this city, alleviating the benefits of urban heat island has practical value and reference significance, and also has certain reference value to other cities in China. Based on Landsat remote sensing images and aerial remote sensing images, the effects of green parks in Shanghai on the thermal environment were quantitatively analyzed by using RS and GIS techniques. The results show that the high temperature region is widely distributed in the study area, and the low temperature area is dispersed in the low temperature area. The low temperature region of the central and inner ring is mainly scattered in rivers and green parks, forming obvious heat island voids. The results show that the effect of green park on the urban thermal environment is obvious, the average cooling range is 1.55 K, but the cooling effect is weakened with the increase of distance. The cooling effect of green park to the surrounding environment is closely related to its structural characteristics, and the cooling range is closely related to the proportion of artificial surface and water area in the park. There was a strong correlation between the shape and area of the park, but a relatively weak correlation with the degree of landscape aggregation and the distribution of vegetation.
【作者单位】：上海市环境科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41501580) 上海市环保局科研基金项目(沪环科(2015-100))
【分类号】：P463.2;X16

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