跨界水污染事件应急联动能力评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 14:57

本文选题：跨界水污染事件 + 应急联动　；参考：《河南理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：流域承担着为人类活动提供水资源的重要角色,但又极易遭受人类社会的污染危害,而流域的整体性往往又被人为划分的行政单元所分割,流域内一旦发生污染,则非常容易发生蔓延,引发流域的跨界水污染。近年来,我国跨界水污染事件层出不穷,这在给流域带来严重环境污染的同时,还会造成重大公共安全危机,扰乱社会正常生产生活秩序,并带来严重经济损失。国内外大量实践表明,区域的应急联动能力对跨界水污染事件应对效果具有至关重要的影响,因此需要进一步对跨界水污染事件应急联动能力进行研究。故本论文选取我国近年来发生的25起典型跨界水污染事件为主要研究对象,通过文献调研和理论剖析法建立跨界水污染事件应急联动的相关基础理论,通过逻辑推理和实例验证法建立跨界水污染事件应急联动指标体系,通过频率分析、专家评判和模型推导方法,构建综合评价跨界水污染事件应急联动能力的评估模型,并通过实证研究论证其科学性,通过案例分析与曲线拟合,明确跨界水污染事件应急联动能力与跨界水污染事件应急效果之间的相互作用关系并得出启示。论文得出的主要结论如下:(1)梳理国内外有关跨界水污染应急联动相关的研究进展情况,并进一步提出了跨界水污染事件应急联动能力的相关基础理论,包括跨界水污染的概念、跨界水污染事件的特征、应急联动的概念以及国内外跨界水污染应急联动建设现状。其次在跨界水污染事件应急联动能力相关理论的基础上,进一步总结我国跨界水污染应急联动方面存在的问题和可借鉴的经验,最后提出针对跨界水污染事件应急联动能力进行评价的改进思路。(2)参照跨界水污染事件应急联动基础理论,明确构建跨界水污染应急联动指标体系原则和设计思路,构建跨界水污染事件应急联动指标体系,包括5个一级指标,即跨界水污染应急联动组织体系、跨界水污染的应急联合决策、跨界水污染的信息共享、跨界水污染应急队伍联动和跨界水污染应急物资共享,以及应急联动的区域合作共识、应急联动的协调机构和应急联动的运行机制等16个二级指标。(3)建立跨界水污染事件应急联动能力的评价模型:并通过山西长治苯胺泄漏事件和广西贺江镉污染事件这两起具有代表性的实例对评估模型进行验证,发现评估结果与实际情况基本一致。(4)在应急联动能力评估的基础上,通过25个具体实例,建立跨界水污染事件应急联动能力与应急效果之间的相互作用关系,发现规律并从中得到进一步建设跨界水污染事件应急联动能力的启示。
[Abstract]:The basin plays an important role in providing water resources for human activities, but it is extremely vulnerable to the pollution of human society. However, the integrity of the basin is often divided by the administrative units that are artificially divided, and once pollution occurs in the basin, It is very easy to spread, causing water pollution across the river basin. In recent years, transboundary water pollution incidents in China have emerged in endlessly, which not only bring serious environmental pollution to the river basin, but also cause major public security crisis, disturb the normal production and life order of society, and bring serious economic losses. A large number of practices at home and abroad show that the regional emergency response ability has a vital impact on the response effect of transboundary water pollution incidents, so it is necessary to further study the emergency response ability of transboundary water pollution incidents. Therefore, this paper selects 25 typical transboundary water pollution incidents in recent years as the main research object, and establishes the relevant basic theory of emergency linkage of transboundary water pollution incidents through literature research and theoretical analysis. The linkage index system of transboundary water pollution event is established by logical reasoning and case verification. By means of frequency analysis, expert evaluation and model derivation, a comprehensive evaluation model of emergency linkage capability of transboundary water pollution event is established. Through the empirical research to prove its scientific, through the case analysis and curve fitting, the paper clarifies the interaction relationship between the emergency response ability of transboundary water pollution event and the emergency effect of transboundary water pollution event, and draws inspiration. The main conclusions of the paper are as follows: (1) this paper reviews the research progress on the emergency linkage of transboundary water pollution at home and abroad, and further puts forward the relevant basic theory of emergency interaction capacity of transboundary water pollution incidents, including the concept of transboundary water pollution. The characteristics of cross-boundary water pollution events, the concept of emergency linkage and the current situation of cross-boundary water pollution emergency linkage construction at home and abroad. Secondly, on the basis of the related theory of emergency response ability of transboundary water pollution incident, the problems and experiences of transboundary water pollution emergency linkage in China are summarized. Finally, the paper puts forward an improved method to evaluate the emergency linkage ability of transboundary water pollution incidents. (2) referring to the basic theory of emergency linkage of transboundary water pollution incidents, the principles and design ideas of establishing the cross boundary water pollution emergency linkage index system are clearly established. Constructing the emergency linkage index system of transboundary water pollution events, including five first-level indicators, namely, the organization system of transboundary water pollution emergency response, the joint decision-making of transboundary water pollution emergency response, and the information sharing of transboundary water pollution. Cross-border water pollution response team linkage and transboundary water pollution emergency material sharing, as well as regional cooperation consensus on emergency response, Establishment of evaluation model of emergency linkage capacity of transboundary water pollution incidents: and through Shanxi Changzhi Aniline leakage incident and Guangxi Hejiang cadmium pollution incident These two representative examples verify the evaluation model, It is found that the evaluation results are basically consistent with the actual situation. (4) on the basis of the assessment of the emergency linkage capability, the interaction between the emergency response linkage capability and the emergency response effect of transboundary water pollution incidents is established through 25 concrete examples. Find out the law and get the enlightenment of further building the emergency response ability of the transboundary water pollution event.
【学位授予单位】：河南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52;X824

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