多孔陶瓷滤球和沉水植物联合作用处理富营养化湖泊沉积物磷

发布时间：2018-05-06 14:11

  本文选题：富营养化 + 沉积物磷　； 参考：《武汉理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：外源性磷受到较好控制的同时,沉积物内源性磷通过溶解、扩散、交换而迁移到水体中,从而成为维持水体富营养化磷污染程度的重要的、不可忽视的来源。沉水植物一直以来都是作为一种有效的途径来控制沉积物磷对湖泊的污染。多孔陶瓷滤球对沉积物磷具有一定吸附效果。本实验分别考察了沉积物释放、陶瓷滤球对沉积物磷去除的影响因素,苦草对沉积物磷的去除情况,并尝试将陶瓷滤球和苦草二者联合起来来增强去除效果。实验结果如下:(1)杭州西湖小南湖采集的沉积物粒度结果显示沉积物有较强的吸附污染物的能力与再悬浮能力。小南湖湖心沉积物TP含量为1423.67mg/kg,其中IP含量占80.49%,IP中Ca-P与Fe/Al-P的含量基本相当,沉积物磷存在较大的释放潜力。(2)沉积物释磷量在上覆水为湖水时比上覆水为蒸馏水时更少。光照对沉积物磷的释放过程有抑制的作用。沉积物TP、OP,在pH=8.0附近时释放量最小;酸性条件抑制Fe/Al-P的释放;碱性条件抑制Ca-P的释放。平衡状态下动态过程释磷量也比静态过程高出1.61倍、且平衡时间短得多。20℃的总磷释放量为10、20、30℃中最小的;10℃时,有部分的Fe/Al-P转化为Ca-P。(3)多孔陶瓷滤球动态吸附平衡时间为12h。沉积物为5g时,陶瓷滤球最佳投加量为8g。温度在50℃时,TP减少量为最大,此阶段存在Fe/Al-P向Ca-P形态的转移。TP、IP的减少量随着pH的升高表现为“U”形,Fe/Al-P减少量随pH的升高逐渐增加;Ca-P减少量随pH的减少逐渐升高。静态吸附过程中,陶瓷滤球的投加除了使得沉积物Ca-P含量增加,沉积物其他磷形态减少量总体上明显增加。(4)苦草对沉积物磷有一定的去除效果,但是在苦草组系统中,作用比较有限。5cm陶瓷滤球组对沉积物各形态磷都有一定的去除效果,其中对OP、Fe/Al-P的去除效果更加显著,对Ca-P的去除效果相比而言较差。联合组(苦草-陶瓷滤球组)中,苦草-5cm陶瓷滤球组去除效果最好的,与去除效果排在第二的苦草-3cm陶瓷滤球组相比,TP、OP、IP、Fe/Al-P、Ca-P各形态磷的减少率分别增加了16.14%、27.53%、13.08%、44.88%、-17.80%。另一方面,若将苦草组与5cm陶瓷滤球组对沉积物磷的去除率进行简单的相加,那么苦草-5cm陶瓷滤球组对TP、OP、IP、Fe/Al-P、Ca-P各形态磷的减少率是它们之和的减少率的2.32、3.36、1.93、1.74、4.39倍,因此认为苦草与陶瓷滤球在对沉积物磷的去除过程中,可能存在相互促进的作用。
[Abstract]:While exogenous phosphorus is well controlled, the endogenous phosphorus in sediment is transferred to the water body through dissolution, diffusion and exchange, thus becoming an important and unnegligible source to maintain the level of eutrophication phosphorus pollution. Submerged plants have been used as an effective way to control phosphorus pollution in sediments. Porous ceramic filter ball has a certain adsorption effect on sediment phosphorus. The influence factors of sediment release, ceramic filter ball on phosphorus removal from sediment, and the removal of phosphorus from sediment by bitter grass were investigated in this experiment, and the combination of ceramic filter ball and bitter grass was attempted to enhance the removal effect. The results are as follows: 1) the sediment granularity collected from the West Lake of Hangzhou shows that the sediment has strong ability of adsorbing pollutants and resuspending. The content of TP in sediment of Xiaonan Lake is 1423.67 mg / kg, of which IP content is 80.49%. The content of Ca-P and Fe/Al-P in IP is basically the same. The phosphorus release potential of sediment is higher. 2) when the overlying water is lacustrine water, the amount of phosphorus release in sediment is lower than that in overlying water is distilled water. Light exposure inhibited phosphorus release from sediments. The release of TPP-OPO in sediments was the lowest near pH=8.0, the release of Fe/Al-P was inhibited by acidic conditions, and the release of Ca-P was inhibited by alkaline conditions. The amount of phosphorus released in the dynamic process is 1.61 times higher than that in the static process, and the equilibrium time is 12 h when the total phosphorus release at 10 ~ 20 鈩，

本文编号：1852622