钢铁冶金含铁尘泥中氯化钾的回收

发布时间：2018-05-19 15:38

  本文选题：烧结灰 + 瓦斯灰　； 参考：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：含铁尘泥作为钢铁固体废弃物的主要来源之一,主要包括烧结机头电除尘灰(简称烧结灰)和瓦斯灰。烧结灰来源于钢铁生产烧结工艺过程中电除尘器的烟气收集。烧结灰中化学成分复杂,除铁元素之外,还含钾、铜、锌、铅等有害元素;瓦斯灰来源于高炉冶炼过程中重力除尘所收集的颗粒较粗的粉尘,瓦斯灰的化学成分也比较复杂,除铁之外还含有大量未燃烧完全的炭、钾、铜、铅、铋、锌、镉和砷等有害元素。本文针对国内部分钢铁企业生产过程的烧结灰和高炉瓦斯灰中含有较高KCl资源的特点,以其为原料,在分析其理化性质的基础上,开发了水洗脱钾?固液分离?除杂与脱色?固液分离?真空蒸发?冷却结晶的回收KCl工艺路线。该技术不仅能解决钢铁企业烧结机头电除尘灰循环利用过程中钾、钠等元素富集带来的危害,而且也为我国开辟了一条从钢铁冶金固废中回收利用KCl资源的新途径。烧结灰及瓦斯灰的理化特性分析表明,包头钢铁有限责任公司(以下简称包钢)烧结灰中KCl含量达12.09%,湖南华菱湘潭钢铁有限公司(以下简称湘钢)烧结灰中KCl含量达11.90%,唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司(以下简称唐钢)瓦斯灰中KCl含量达39.58%;包钢烧结灰、湘钢烧结灰以及唐钢瓦斯灰的中位粒径分别为4.21μm、23.84μm、6.63μm,比表面积分别为0.2 m2/g、15 m2/g、0.36 m2/g。在包钢烧结灰回收氯化钾工艺研究中,研究了水洗脱钾后的含钾溶液中氯化钾的回收工艺:在初始沸腾温度为120℃、末沸腾温度为160℃的范围内,以转速为50~60 r/min进行真空旋转蒸发结晶,当蒸发体积浓缩比为10.71时,所回收的氯化钾产品含量高达97.24%,回收率为65.25%,达到工农业用氯化钾技术I类一等品(GB6549-2011)要求,产品粒度分布比较均匀,质量较好。在湘钢烧结灰回收氯化钾工艺研究中,研究了水洗脱钾后的含钾溶液中氯化钾的回收工艺:在末沸腾温度为140℃、150℃、160℃和170℃时,真空旋转蒸发结晶工艺所回收的氯化钾产品平均含量高达95.68%,均回收率81.87%,均达到工农业用氯化钾技术I类一等品(GB6549-2011)要求,晶体粒度分布均匀,质量较好。在唐钢瓦斯灰回收氯化钾工艺研究中,研究了水洗脱钾后的含钾溶液中氯化钾的回收工艺:在0℃、5℃和10℃下恒温冷却,从水洗脱钾后的含钾溶液中所回收的氯化钾产品平均含量高达96.98%,回收率为74.46%,达到工农业用氯化钾技术I类一等品以及优等品(GB6549-2011)要求,通过激光粒度分析仪以及扫描电镜对产品进行分析可知,粒度分布均匀,质量较好。
[Abstract]:As one of the main sources of iron and steel solid waste, iron dust sludge mainly includes electric dust remover (sintering ash) and gas ash. Sintered ash comes from flue gas collection of electrostatic precipitator in sintering process of iron and steel production. The chemical composition of sinter ash is complex, besides iron element, it also contains harmful elements, such as potassium, copper, zinc, lead, etc. The gas ash comes from the coarse particles of dust collected by gravity dust collection in blast furnace smelting process, and the chemical composition of gas ash is also quite complex. In addition to iron, there are many harmful elements, such as carbon, potassium, copper, lead, bismuth, zinc, cadmium and arsenic. Aiming at the characteristics of high KCl resource in sintering ash and blast furnace gas ash of some iron and steel enterprises in China, based on the analysis of its physical and chemical properties, water eluting potassium was developed in this paper. Solid-liquid separation? Removing impurities and decolorizing? Solid-liquid separation? Vacuum evaporation? Cooling crystallization of the recovery of KCl process route. This technology can not only solve the harm caused by the enrichment of potassium, sodium and other elements in the recycling process of precipitating ash from sintering machine head of iron and steel enterprises, but also open up a new way to recover and utilize KCl resources from iron and steel metallurgical solid waste in China. The analysis of the physical and chemical properties of sinter ash and gas ash shows that, Baotou Iron and Steel Co., Ltd (Baotou Iron and Steel Co., Ltd) has a KCl content of 12.09, Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd (hereinafter referred to as Xianggang) has a KCl content of 11.90 and Tangshan Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd. The content of KCl in gas ash is 39.58. The average particle size of sintered ash and gas ash in Xiangtan Iron and Steel Company is 4.21 渭 m, 23.84 渭 m and 6.63 渭 m, respectively, and the specific surface area is 0.2 m2 / g ~ (-1) 15 m ~ (2 / g) / g ~ (0.36) m ~ (2 / g), respectively. In the process of recovering potassium chloride from sintering ash of Baotou Iron and Steel Co., the recovery process of potassium chloride in potassium containing solution after water elution was studied: the initial boiling temperature was 120 鈩，

本文编号：1910663