污水再生处理工艺水质模拟与风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 06:18

本文选题：再生水厂 + 水质　；参考：《清华大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：污水再生利用是解决水资源短缺和水环境污染问题的重要途径,保障水质安全是污水再生利用的关键问题。再生水水源污水厂二级出水中污染物成分复杂,可能含有多种病原微生物和化学污染物,经深度处理后仍存在水质安全风险。再生水厂自身操作运行条件的波动性也是出水水质风险的来源之一。此外,再生水水质标准的日益严格对保障再生水水质达标提出了挑战。因此,如何在科学系统地评价再生水厂水质风险基础上制定实用有效的风险管理策略,已经成为保障我国再生水安全迫切需要解决的问题。本研究针对我国再生水安全管理面临的上述问题,以再生水厂水质模型为核心工具,构建了再生水厂水质风险评价与管理的方法学。该方法学能够模拟和评价再生水厂进水水质和工艺运行参数等对出水水质风险的影响,从进水到各工艺单元的全过程识别水质风险关键控制指标,从而为制定实用有效的再生水厂水质风险管理策略提供支持。本研究开发了机理性再生水厂水质模型,该模型能够模拟COD、NH3-N、粪大肠菌群、余氯、遗传毒性和雌激素效应沿超滤、臭氧和氯消毒工艺单元的变化。基于现场数据进行参数识别和模型验证。结果表明,模型具有较好的模拟效果和高比例的灵敏参数,且参数数值与文献值基本吻合,因此,模型具有较高的可靠性。本研究应用模型对清河再生水厂开展水质风险评价与管理案例研究。根据相关再生水水质标准确定常规指标水质风险评价标准,根据毒性效应当量物质预测无效应浓度推算出再生水厂出水毒性效应限值,作为毒性效应水质风险评价标准。应用再生水厂水质模型模拟出水水质的概率分布,并结合水质风险评价标准,评价再生水厂出水水质风险。结果表明,清河再生水厂出厂水存在一定水质风险,且NH3-N、遗传毒性和雌激素效应的风险较高。依据区域灵敏度分析的方法,识别水质风险的关键控制指标,进而从设定污水厂二级出水的污染物控制目标、优化再生水厂工艺运行参数等方面制定水质风险管理策略。
[Abstract]:The reuse of sewage is an important way to solve the problem of water resources shortage and water environment pollution. To ensure the water quality safety is the key problem of the reuse of sewage. The pollutants in the two level effluent of the reclaimed water source wastewater plant are complex, which may contain a variety of pathogenic microbes and chemical pollutants, and the water quality safety risk still exists after the deep treatment. The fluctuation of the operating conditions of the raw water plant is also one of the sources of the water quality risk. In addition, the increasingly strict standards of reclaimed water quality challenge the protection of the water quality of reclaimed water. Therefore, how to formulate a practical and effective risk management strategy based on the scientific and systematic evaluation of the water quality risk of the reclaimed water plant has become a guarantee. In view of the problems faced by the reclaimed water safety management in our country, this study takes the water quality model of the reclaimed water plant as the core tool and constructs a methodology for the evaluation and management of the water quality risk in reclaimed water plants. This methodology can simulate and evaluate the water quality and process parameters of the reclaimed water plant. The impact of the water quality risk, from the whole process of water to the whole process unit to identify the key control indicators of water quality risk, so as to provide support for the formulation of a practical and effective water quality risk management strategy in reclaimed water plant. This study developed a water quality model for the rational regenerated water plant, which can simulate COD, NH3-N, fecal coliform, residual chlorine. The change of the toxicity and estrogen effect along the ultrafiltration, ozone and chlorine disinfection process units. Based on field data, parameter identification and model verification show that the model has a good simulation effect and a high proportion of sensitive parameters, and the parameter values are basically consistent with the literature value. Because of this, the model has high reliability. The water quality risk assessment and management case study of Qinghe reclaimed water plant is carried out. According to the related reclaimed water quality standard, the standard of water quality risk assessment is determined. The toxic effect limit of the effluent of the regenerated water plant is calculated according to the toxic effect equivalent material prediction, which is used as the evaluation standard of the water quality risk of the toxic effect. The water quality model simulates the probability distribution of the water quality and evaluates the water quality risk of the regenerated water plant with the water quality risk assessment standard. The results show that there is a certain water quality risk in the factory water of the reclaimed water plant, and the NH3-N, the risk of hereditary toxicity and estrogen effect is high. The water quality risk is identified by the method of regional sensitivity analysis. The key control index is set up, and then the water quality risk management strategy is formulated in the aspects of setting the pollutant control target of the two level effluent of the sewage plant and optimizing the process parameters of the regenerated water plant.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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