农村地区高等级公路噪声影响评价及防治对策

发布时间：2018-05-24 11:32

本文选题：农村地区 + 高等级公路　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,农村地区高等级公路发展迅速,而公路交通运输对沿线区域的声环境影响也不可忽视。论文在此背景下,以眉山工业大道一级公路为例,采用《声环境影响评价技术导则声环境》(HJ2.4-2009)中推荐的公路交通噪声预测模式对其声环境影响进行了预测评价,并对影响预测结果的相关参数进行了分析。最后,在噪声预测的基础上,针对不同程度的噪声超标敏感点提出了降噪措施。眉山工业大道一级公路运营中期沿线受噪声影响的敏感点数量较多,占到敏感点总数的72%,但噪声超标量都比较小,采用绿化降噪技术即可实现大部分受影响敏感点的降噪要求。预测表明,对农村地区新建公路,纵坡修正、地面效应衰减及高路堤(低路堑)衰减是影响营运期噪声预测结果的主要因素,而大气吸收衰减对预测结果影响较小。同时,南方农村地区房屋低矮且布置散乱,在公路噪声预测时基本不具备反射修正和房屋附加衰减的条件,而农村地区道路以乡道及等外级道路为主,满足交叉路口修正条件的敏感点也很少。农村高等级公路噪声预测要紧密结合农村地区的环境特征来选取合理的噪声预测参数,否则将使预测结果与实际监测值出现较大偏差,在声环境影响评价工作中,由于相关技术人员对农村环境特点认识模糊,往往对农村地区树木、果林等引起的噪声的衰减和房屋附加衰减量估计偏大,或者对公路与敏感点的相对高差估值偏差较大,导致预测结果与实际监测值误差偏大,不能为降噪措施的合理选择提供正确的依据。
[Abstract]:At present, high-grade highways in rural areas are developing rapidly, and the impact of highway transportation on the sound environment along the road can not be ignored. Under this background, taking the first class highway of Meishan Industrial Avenue as an example, the sound environment effect is forecasted and evaluated by the road traffic noise prediction model recommended in "Sound Environmental impact Assessment Technical Guide" (HJ2.4-2009). The related parameters affecting the prediction results are analyzed. Finally, on the basis of noise prediction, the noise reduction measures are proposed for different noise sensitive points. The number of sensitive points affected by noise along the first class highway of Meishan Industrial Avenue in the middle period of operation is more, accounting for 722% of the total number of sensitive points, but the noise superscalar is relatively small. The noise reduction requirements of most of the affected sensitive points can be realized by using greening noise reduction technology. The prediction shows that the correction of longitudinal slope, the attenuation of ground effect and the attenuation of high embankment (low cut) are the main factors affecting the prediction results of noise in operation period, while the attenuation of atmospheric absorption has little effect on the prediction results. At the same time, the houses in rural areas of southern China are low and scattered, and the road noise prediction does not have the condition of reflection correction and the additional attenuation of houses, while the rural roads are mainly rural roads and grade roads. There are few sensitive points which satisfy the correction condition of intersection. The noise prediction of rural high-grade highway should be closely combined with the environmental characteristics of rural areas to select reasonable noise prediction parameters, otherwise, the prediction results will deviate greatly from the actual monitoring values, and in the work of acoustic environmental impact assessment, Because the relevant technicians have a vague understanding of the characteristics of the rural environment, they often estimate the attenuation of noise caused by trees and fruit forests in rural areas and the amount of additional attenuation of houses on a large scale, or have a large deviation in the estimation of the relative height difference between roads and sensitive points. As a result, the error between the prediction result and the actual monitoring value is too large, which can not provide the correct basis for the reasonable choice of the noise reduction measures.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X827;X734

【参考文献】