鄱阳湖生态经济区土地生态脆弱性评价

发布时间：2018-05-28 07:54

本文选题：土地生态脆弱性 + 动态分析　；参考：《江西农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,鄱阳湖区域随着人口的增长和经济、社会发展速度的加快,自然生态环境受到严重的干扰,原有的生态功能受到大程度损失,鄱阳湖周边区域环境问题日渐凸显,成为典型的生态脆弱带。2009年12月,经国家批准,鄱阳湖生态经济区建设正式启动。在国家政策扶持下,鄱阳湖生态经济区依托自身的区位优势、地理优势和生态优势,近年来社会经济和生态建设发展迅速,逐步发展成为了江西省重要的制造业基地,是中部地区重要的经济增长极,已成为中部地区经济发展的重要支撑区域。然而,鄱阳湖生态经济区建设6年多来,建设成效如何,区域生态脆弱性发展如何,是否达到生态经济区建设的预期目标问题非常值得关注。为了促进区域社会经济与生态环境的协调发展,保障区域生态安全和生态功能稳定,对该区域土地的脆弱性的合理认识和优化调控具有非常重要的理论意义和实践价值。本文在分析国内外生态评价方法模型的基础上,对土地利用影响作用的自然指标和社会经济类指标进行综合归纳,参考已有研究成果构建了新的生态脆弱性评价模型;通过收集2008、2013年鄱阳湖生态经济区近年来的统计数据、影像信息和社会经济类数据,用定性分析与定量分析相结合的研究方法,确定了包含3层27个指标的生态脆弱性评价指标体系,对鄱阳湖生态经济区土地生态脆弱性进行动态实证分析,结合评价结果分析研究区建设成效情况,并提出了改善生态脆弱性的调控对策。研究主要结论如下:(1)通过创建鄱阳湖生态经济区土地生态脆弱性评价体系,采用层次分析法进行评价,从自然、社会、经济和其他方面选取与脆弱性相关的影响因子构建评价指标体系,采用极值法对评价指标进行量化处理,并对研究区土地生态脆弱性运用生态脆弱性动态分析方法进行分析。(2)通过分析得出:2013年鄱阳湖生态经济区的土地生态系统生态脆弱性综合评价值为0.4858,处于“中度脆弱”III等级,同2008年脆弱程度一致,由该研究区2013年土地生态脆弱性空间分布格局分析表明,余江县、南昌县、高安市、南昌市区、鹰潭市区、樟树市6个县市的土地生态脆弱性相对较高,而通过变化趋势分析表明研究区在研究时间序列内生态脆弱状况较差集中在鄱阳湖生态经济区的中部,经济区的边缘县市的脆弱程度较轻,发展势头较好。(3)通过对鄱阳湖生态经济区土地生态脆弱性驱动因子进行分析,研究得到的结果表明,土地垦殖率、森林覆盖率是影响该地区土地生态脆弱性变化的主要自然因素;而影响该地区土地脆弱生态变化的生态经济和生态社会因素包括单位工业辅助能值、农业财政支出率、城镇登记失业率、环境污染治理投入。(4)针对研究区域的土地生态脆弱调控,从自然、经济、社会三个角度分别提出对策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the growth of population and economy and the acceleration of social development, the natural ecological environment has been seriously disturbed, and the original ecological function has been largely lost in the Poyang Lake region, and the environmental problems around the Poyang Lake area have become increasingly prominent. In December 2009, the construction of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone was officially started. With the support of national policies, Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone has developed rapidly in recent years, relying on its own geographical, geographical and ecological advantages, and has gradually developed into an important manufacturing base in Jiangxi Province. Is the central region important economic growth pole, has become the central region economic development important support region. However, the construction of Poyang Lake ecological economic zone for more than 6 years, how the construction results, how the development of regional ecological vulnerability, whether to achieve the expected goal of ecological economic zone construction is very worthy of attention. In order to promote the harmonious development of regional social economy and ecological environment and ensure the regional ecological security and ecological function stability, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to understand and optimize the vulnerability of land in this region. Based on the analysis of ecological evaluation methods at home and abroad, this paper synthetically induces the natural index and the social economic index of land use impact, and constructs a new ecological vulnerability assessment model with reference to the existing research results. Through collecting the statistical data, image information and social and economic data of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone in recent years in 2008 and 2013, the research method of combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis is used. The evaluation index system of ecological vulnerability including 3 layers and 27 indexes is determined. The dynamic empirical analysis of ecological vulnerability of land in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone is carried out, and the results of construction of the study area are analyzed in combination with the evaluation results. The countermeasures to improve ecological vulnerability are put forward. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) through the establishment of land ecological vulnerability evaluation system in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, AHP is used to evaluate the ecological vulnerability of land. The economic and other factors related to vulnerability are selected to construct the evaluation index system, and the extreme value method is used to quantify the evaluation index. The ecological vulnerability of land in the study area was analyzed by using the dynamic analysis method of ecological vulnerability. The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation value of ecological vulnerability of land ecosystem in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone in 2013 was 0.4858, which was in the III grade of "moderate fragility". In accordance with the vulnerability in 2008, the spatial distribution pattern analysis of land ecological vulnerability in this study area in 2013 showed that the land ecological vulnerability was relatively high in Yujiang County, Nanchang County, Gao'an City, Nanchang City, Yingtan City and Zhangshu City. The trend analysis shows that the ecological fragility in the study area is relatively poor in the central part of Poyang Lake ecological economic zone, and the fragile degree of the county and city in the edge of the economic zone is relatively light. Based on the analysis of the driving factors of land ecological vulnerability in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, the results show that the rate of land reclamation, Forest cover is the main natural factor influencing the change of land ecological vulnerability in this area, and the ecological economic and ecological social factors that affect the ecological change of land in this area include the auxiliary energy value of unit industry, the rate of agricultural financial expenditure. The urban registered unemployment rate and environmental pollution control input. 4) aiming at the fragile regulation of land ecology in the study area, the countermeasures are put forward from the three angles of nature, economy and society respectively.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2;X826

【参考文献】