快速城市化区域径流污染特征与综合控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 07:59

  本文选题：城市面源污染 + 复合渗滤系统　； 参考：《清华大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市径流冲刷地表并携带污染物进入城市水体,将引发一系列的环境问题。为了定量了解城市径流污染物的特征并解决城市径流污染的问题,本研究选择典型快速城市化区域无锡市滨湖区作为研究区域,监测并评价目标地区降雨径流面源污染状况,并针对城市径流污染问题进行综合控制技术的开发,取得的主要研究成果如下:(1)无锡地区降水丰沛,降雨量年际变化小,其快速化城区道路径流中营养物污染严重,需要处理后排放,该地区重金属污染水平较低;(2)雨前干期、峰值雨强、峰值流量、累积降雨量、峰值降雨量、季节和下垫面都会对径流污染水平产生一定影响,在单场降雨中,降雨初始污染物浓度较高,后期径流污染物浓度较低,无锡地区道路径流初始冲刷较为明显;(3)不同组合填料渗滤系统对雨水径流中TSS、COD和TP均具有较好的去除效果,在复合渗滤系统内种植植物对系统出水浓度的影响较小,使用人工填料的系统要优于原生土壤系统;(4)在复合渗滤系统中外加木屑作为碳源能显著提高系统对径流中TN和NO3--N的去除效率,但会对径流中COD、TP和NH3-N的去除效率产生不利影响。将木屑与填料混合放置的方式能达到更高的TN去除效率,并减少木屑中污染物质的溶出;(5)高效吸附净化带具有较好的径流污染削减效果,其在长期运行过程中对径流中TSS、COD、TP、DTP、TN、NH3-N、NO3--N和NO2--N的平均去除率分别达89.9%、58.5%、80.9%、51.0%、54.8%、77.6%、46.5%和74.0%,有效减少通过道路径流进入水体的污染物总量;(6)地下潜流阻隔墙具有较好的径流污染削减效果,改变填料柱中木屑的配比对系统去除率影响较小,具有不同木屑配比的两个系统对径流中TSS、COD、TP、TN、NH3-N、NO3--N和NO2--N的去除率分别达92%、70%、90.9%、70.3%、57.7%、93.1%、91.6%和90%、70%、91.2%、71.8%、58.8%、92.9%、90.7%;(7)原位净化蓄水停车位在长期运行过程中对径流中TSS、COD、TP、DTP、TN、NH3-N、NO3--N和NO2--N的平均去除率分别达89.3%、66.4%、83.3%、55.3%、43.6%、86.8%、28.5%和75.8%,有效减少了通过停车位表面径流进入水体的污染物总量。
[Abstract]:Urban runoff scouring the surface and carrying pollutants into urban water will lead to a series of environmental problems. In order to quantitatively understand the characteristics of urban runoff pollutants and solve the problem of urban runoff pollution, this study selected the typical rapid urbanization area, Wuxi Binhu District as the research area, monitoring and evaluating the non-point source pollution of rainfall runoff in the target area. The main research results are as follows: (1) Wuxi has abundant precipitation, little annual variation of rainfall, and serious nutrient pollution in urban road runoff. After treatment, the heavy metal pollution level in this area is lower than that in the dry period before rain. Peak rain intensity, peak flow, accumulated rainfall, peak rainfall, season and underlying surface all have certain effects on the level of runoff pollution. The initial pollutant concentration of rainfall was higher than that of late runoff, and the initial scour of road runoff in Wuxi area was obvious. (3) different combinations of fillers and leachate systems had better removal effects on both Rain Water and TP in runoff. Planting plants in the compound leachate system has little effect on the effluent concentration of the system. The system using artificial fillers is better than the original soil system (4) the addition of wood chips as carbon source in the composite leachate system can significantly improve the removal efficiency of TN and NO3-N in runoff, but it will have a negative effect on the removal efficiency of COD ~ (2 +) and NH _ (3-N) in runoff. The mixed placement of wood chips and fillers can achieve higher TN removal efficiency, and reduce the dissolution of pollutants from wood chips. (5) the high efficiency adsorption and purification belt has better runoff pollution reduction effect. In the long run, the average removal rates of TSSCODTPN and NO2-N in runoff are 88.9%, 58.50.90% and 77.66.5%, respectively. The subsurface flow barrier wall can effectively reduce the total amount of pollutants entering the water body by road runoff. Changing the proportion of sawdust in the packing column has little effect on the removal rate of the system. 鍏锋湁涓嶅悓鏈ㄥ睉閰嶆瘮鐨勪袱涓�绯荤粺瀵瑰緞娴佷腑TSS,COD,TP,TN,NH3-N,NO3--N鍜孨O2--N鐨勫幓闄ょ巼鍒嗗埆杈，

本文编号：2002518