北京市工业废气排放量的统计分析

发布时间：2018-06-10 09:10

本文选题：工业废气排放量 + 工业总产值　；参考：《首都经济贸易大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：环境是人类活动的资源基础,人类在利用自然开发自然的同时,也在从自然中索取资源。但是随着经济的发展,人类活动对环境造成了不同程度的损害。作为我国的政治、经济、文化中心,北京的城市健康、可持续发展具有重大的意义。2013年,“雾霾”一词首度成为年度关键词。2015年2月京津冀区域空气质量超标天数超过一半,空气污染问题已非常严重。然而,造成空气污染的原因很多,一般公认的有工业排放、汽车排放、热力热电企业排放等。本篇论文主要研究工业排放问题。本文主要从工业废气排放量以及工业总产值两方面进行研究,以2005-2012年为观测期,依据中国统计年鉴对整个工业进行行业分类,以“多能耗,多排放”为原则,将整个工业分为39个行业,计算每一行业的工业废气排放量并对每个行业进行分析研究,根据每个行业工业废气排放量以及工业总产值大小,并结合北京市空气污染治理相关文件说明,明确工业废气排放量减排目标,并确定重点减排行业。经过三方面的考虑,最终确定以石油加工、炼焦及核燃料加工业,非金属矿物制品业,化学原料及化学制品制造业以及黑色金属矿采选业为代表的13个行业。然后进行仿真实验,利用各重点行业的减排权重,计算重点减排行业2013-2017年每年的减排目标以及工业废气排放量,并最终形成以下结论:第一,北京市工业废气排放量并没有一个明显的趋势,整体体现为“M”型,并不符合传统意义上的上升或下降的趋势。第二,根据各行业的工业废气排放量排名情况可以看出工业废气排放量排名靠前的集中在加工、制造业以及以电力、石油为代表的国家基础行业,而开采业的工业废气排放量并不多。第三,工业废气排放量多的行业并不代表工业总产值大,石油加工、炼焦及核燃料加工业,非金属矿物制品业,化学原料及化学制品制造业以及黑色金属矿采选业的工业废气排放量在2012年均为排名前10的行业,然而其工业总产值却相对较低。属于“低产值,高排放”的行业。第四,在最后的仿真模拟实验中,结合三方面的考虑一共选出13个行业,这13个行业中有淘汰目录中明确要求某生产工艺退出的行业,也有在工业废气排放量较大的行业,结合工业废气排放量和工业总产值两方面的考虑,经过减排权重配比计算出的各行业减排量结果显示,石油加工、炼焦及核6燃料加工业,电力、热力的生产和供应业以及非金属矿物制品业这三个行业是需要减排的大户。
[Abstract]:Environment is the resource base of human activities. However, with the development of economy, human activities have caused varying degrees of damage to the environment. As the political, economic and cultural center of our country, Beijing's urban health and sustainable development are of great significance. In 2013, the term "smog" became the first annual keyword. In February 2015, the air quality in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region exceeded the standard by more than half. The problem of air pollution is already very serious. However, there are many causes of air pollution, such as industrial emissions, automobile emissions, thermal power enterprises emissions and so on. This paper focuses on industrial emissions. In this paper, the industrial waste gas emissions and the total industrial output are studied, and the whole industry is classified according to the China Statistical Yearbook during the observation period from 2005 to 2012, and the principle of "more energy consumption and more emissions" is taken as the principle. Dividing the entire industry into 39 industries, calculating industrial emissions from each industry and analysing each industry, based on the size of industrial emissions and gross industrial output in each industry, Combined with the related documents of air pollution control in Beijing, the emission reduction target of industrial waste gas is defined, and the key emission reduction industries are determined. After three aspects of consideration, 13 industries, such as petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry, non-metallic mineral products industry, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry and ferrous metal mining and separation industry, were determined. Then, the emulation experiment is carried out, and the emission-reduction targets and the industrial emissions of the key emission-reducing industries are calculated by using the emission-reduction weights of the key industries. Finally, the following conclusions are reached: first, There is no obvious trend of industrial exhaust emissions in Beijing, but the whole is "M" type, which does not accord with the trend of rising or decreasing in the traditional sense. Second, according to the ranking of industrial exhaust emissions in various industries, it can be seen that the highest ranking of industrial emissions is concentrated in processing, manufacturing and national basic industries represented by electricity and oil. But the industrial waste gas emission of the mining industry is not much. Third, industries with high emissions of industrial waste gas do not represent large industrial output, petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing, and non-metallic mineral products. Industrial emissions from the chemical feedstock and chemical products industry and the ferrous metal mining and separation industry were among the top 10 industries in 2012, but their industrial output was relatively low. Belongs to the "low output, high emissions" industry. Fourth, in the final simulation experiment, a total of 13 industries were selected in combination with three considerations. Among the 13 industries, there are industries that explicitly require the withdrawal of a certain production process in the elimination catalogue, as well as industries with large industrial emissions. Considering the two aspects of industrial waste gas emissions and total industrial output value, the results of emission-reduction in various industries calculated by the proportion of emission reduction weights show that the petroleum processing, coking and nuclear 6 fuel processing industries, electricity, Thermal production and supply industry and non-metallic mineral products industry these three industries need to reduce emissions.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X701

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