印染废水三维荧光特征的研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 23:35

本文选题：印染废水 + 三维荧光光谱　；参考：《西南科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的快速发展,印染行业的企业规模也越来越大,而印染行业是典型的高耗水、高耗能和高污染行业。印染废水是我国水量最大的工业废水之一,色度大、有机物含量高、成分复杂,尤其所含的致畸、致癌物较多,属于难生物降解的有毒废水。我国印染企业偷排时常造成严重的水体污染,对水环境安全造成了严重的威胁。三维荧光光谱法因为具有灵敏度高,检测速度快,可以清晰展现水中有机物的组成,二次污染少等诸多优点而被越来越多的应用于水体及污水水质监测。本文选取我国南方某城市印染企业较多的区域的三家规模不同,处理不同印染废水的污水处理厂的进水水样作为研究对象,来研究印染废水的三维荧光特征。结果表明,所有的印染废水的三维荧光特征存在明显的相似性,都含有280/310nm和230/340nm的荧光峰,但是不同污水处理厂水样的荧光强度值有所差异,A厂荧光强度最大,B、C两厂较为接近。不同污水处理厂两荧光峰荧光强度的比值差异也较大,A厂为0.62~0.73,B厂为0.58~0.66,C厂为0.41~0.47,不同的荧光峰强度比值也说明三厂废水中有机物含量的差异。运用图谱比对的方法,对印染废水中主要的荧光污染物进行排查,发现荧光物质主要来自于印染工艺中大量使用的染料。本文还对三厂印染废水三维荧光特征与水质常规监测参数COD、TN和氨氮的联系进行了研究。结果表明,A、C两厂的荧光峰强度与常规水质参数之间的相关系数较小,介于0.0034~0.1903之间,关联性小;而B厂的荧光峰强度与COD、TN和氨氮具有明显的正相关性,相关系数介于0.8002~0.9287之间。说明不同生产原料、生产工艺所产生的印染废水中,单个常规的水质监测参数与荧光峰的荧光强度关联性不具有明显统一特征,相关系数的大小与生产工艺有关。采用数学方法将印染废水的水质常规参数COD、TN和氨氮与荧光强度在同一坐标图中做线性拟合时,不同采样点的水样分别具有向某一点集中的趋势,在坐标空间中分隔明显,从而为判断印染废水来源提供数据依据。本研究表明印染废水具有明显的独特的三维荧光特征,且信号稳定,可以作为印染废水预警偷排溯源的依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy in our country, the scale of printing and dyeing industry is becoming larger and larger, and the printing and dyeing industry is typical of high water consumption, high energy consumption and high pollution. Printing and dyeing wastewater is one of the industrial wastewater with the largest amount of water in our country. It has a high chroma, a high content of organic matter and complex composition. Especially, it contains teratogenicity and many carcinogens, so it belongs to the toxic wastewater which is difficult to biodegrade. Printing and dyeing enterprises in our country often cause serious water pollution and serious threat to water environment safety. Because of its high sensitivity, high detection speed, can clearly show the composition of organic matter in water, less secondary pollution and many other advantages, it has been more and more used in monitoring water and sewage water quality. In this paper, three different sizes of printing and dyeing plants in southern China were selected to study the three dimensional fluorescence characteristics of printing and dyeing wastewater from wastewater treatment plants with different printing and dyeing wastewater. The results showed that there was obvious similarity in the three dimensional fluorescence characteristics of all printing and dyeing wastewater, all of which contained the fluorescence peaks of 280/310nm and 230/340nm. However, the fluorescence intensity values of water samples from different wastewater treatment plants were different. The maximum fluorescence intensity of plant A was similar to that of the two plants. The ratio of fluorescence intensity of two fluorescence peaks in different wastewater treatment plants is different. The ratio of fluorescence intensity of two fluorescence peaks in plant A is 0.62t0. 73nb, and it is 0.580.666C, which is 0.41 / 0.47.The difference of fluorescence peak intensity ratio also indicates the difference of organic matter content in wastewater of the third plant. The main fluorescent pollutants in printing and dyeing wastewater were investigated by using the method of chromatogram comparison. It was found that the fluorescent substances mainly come from the dyes used in the printing and dyeing process. The relationship between the three dimensional fluorescence characteristics of printing and dyeing wastewater and the parameters of routine monitoring of water quality, CODN and ammonia nitrogen, was also studied in this paper. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between fluorescence peak intensity and conventional water quality parameters was small, ranging from 0.0034 to 0.1903, and there was a significant positive correlation between fluorescence peak intensity and CODN TN and ammonia nitrogen in plant B. the correlation coefficient was between 0.800 2 and 0.9287. It shows that in the printing and dyeing wastewater produced by different raw materials and production processes, the correlation between the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescence peak and a single conventional water quality monitoring parameter is not obvious uniform, and the magnitude of the correlation coefficient is related to the production process. When the conventional parameters CODN, NH3-N and fluorescence intensity of printing and dyeing wastewater are fitted linearly in the same coordinate map by mathematical method, the water samples of different sampling points have the tendency of concentrating to a certain point, and are separated obviously in the coordinate space. So as to judge the source of printing and dyeing wastewater data basis. This study shows that the printing and dyeing wastewater has a unique three-dimensional fluorescence characteristics and the signal is stable. It can be used as a basis for the early warning and tracing of printing and dyeing wastewater.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X791

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