基于RS华蓥市岩溶地区石漠化信息提取与分析

发布时间：2018-06-16 00:37

本文选题：石漠化 + 遥感　；参考：《四川师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：石漠化作为困扰我国生态环境的三大“顽疾”之一,是西南岩溶地区最难治理的自然灾害,严重制约了当地的社会经济发展。由于石漠化多发于自然生态环境较为脆弱的地区,治理的难度非常大,因此如何快速提取区域性石漠化空间信息,划定石漠化等级,是石漠化防治的重要基础研究。华蓥市作为四川省5个岩溶地区石漠化综合治理试点县(市)之一,是四川省岩溶地区的典型代表,其石漠化问题得到了省政府高度重视。以遥感技术为手段可以对华蓥市的溶岩地区进行大范围、高精度的监测,用ERDAS8.6软件进行遥感图像处理并结合实地考察对多个石漠化图斑进行核对,监测数据精度并加以校正,为华蓥市石漠化监测和治理提供数据支持,并基于此对当地石漠化信息进行提取,分析石漠化形成原因。本文主要研究结论如下:(1)华蓥市土地利用结构不太合理。总体上看,虽然生态林地较多,但是由于当地生态环境脆弱,人为的破坏和其他性质用地对生态林地的占用,使当地林地持续减少,石漠化范围呈扩张趋势。(2)华蓥市石漠化情况错综复杂,多为中度石漠化、轻度石漠化和潜在石漠化区域,由于开矿和工业化生产使得这些区域有向重度石漠化恶化的趋势。石漠化区域土壤肥力流失严重,动态上看已由散点状逐渐发展成为连片带状。(3)华蓥市石漠化是受多重因素的综合影响形成的。长坡面的地形、易被溶蚀的岩质加之季节性强降水造成的频繁冲刷使得当地水土保持难度大,加之陡坡开垦、过度樵采、不合理开发建设、不适当经营方式等不合理的人为因素的影响使得当地石漠化情况较为严重。
[Abstract]:Rocky desertification, as one of the three "stubborn diseases" that haunt the ecological environment of China, is the most difficult natural disaster in the karst area of southwest China, which seriously restricts the local social and economic development. Because the rocky desertification is mostly in the fragile area of the natural ecological environment, it is very difficult to control it. Therefore, how to quickly extract the spatial information of the regional rocky desertification and delimit the grade of the rocky desertification is an important basic research for the prevention and control of the rocky desertification. As one of the five pilot counties (cities) for comprehensive control of rocky desertification in Sichuan Province Huaying City is a typical representative of karst area in Sichuan Province and its rocky desertification problem has been attached great importance by the provincial government. Remote sensing technology can be used to monitor the karst area of Huaying City in a wide range and high precision. ERDAS8.6 software is used to process remote sensing images and check many rocky desertification map spots in combination with field investigation, to monitor the accuracy of data and to correct them. It provides data support for the monitoring and control of rocky desertification in Huaying city, and based on this, extracts the local rocky desertification information and analyzes the causes of rocky desertification. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) the land use structure of Huaying City is not reasonable. Generally speaking, although there are more ecological forests, due to the fragile local ecological environment, man-made destruction and the occupation of other types of land for ecological forest land, the local forest land continues to decrease. The rocky desertification in Huaying city is complicated, most of which are moderate rocky desertification, mild rocky desertification and potential rocky desertification areas, which are aggravated to severe rocky desertification due to mining and industrial production. The loss of soil fertility in rocky desertification area is serious, and the soil fertility loss has gradually developed from scattered spot shape to continuous zonal shape.) the rocky desertification in Huaying City is influenced by many factors. The topography of the long slope, the easily dissolved rock quality and the frequent erosion caused by the seasonal strong precipitation make it difficult for local soil and water conservation, plus the steep slope reclamation, excessive firewood mining, unreasonable development and construction. The local rocky desertification is more serious because of unreasonable human factors, such as improper management mode.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X87;X171

【参考文献】