珠江河口水域PAEs残留及暴露风险评估研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 05:00

  本文选题：珠江河口 + PAEs　； 参考：《上海海洋大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)是一类在全球范围内被广泛使用的工业化合物,主要被运用在改变塑料的可塑性上。PAEs可随着时间的推移,释放入环境中,可在生物体内富集,产生许多毒副作用。PAEs污染已经成为一个热点问题,其对人类的危害也越来越引起关注。本文研究了珠江河口水、表层沉积物、水生动物三种介质中14种PAEs的含量,及其在珠江河口地区的污染水平。结合其中4种PAEs物质对三角鲂的急性毒性实验,对该类物质的暴露风险进行了评估。2014年5月份各采样点水体中14种PAEs单体含量在ND~5.050μg/L之间,各采样点水体中14种PAEs的含量平均值在0.044μg/L~0.511μg/L之间,各采样点14种PAEs的总含量在0.617μg/L~7.154μg/L之间。2014年8月份各采样点水体中14种PAEs单体含量在ND~0.721μg/L之间,各采样点水体中14种PAEs的含量平均值在0.025μg/L~0.105μg/L之间,各采样点水体中14种PAEs的总含量在0.348μg/L~1.473μg/L之间。本研究表明:珠江河口表层水体内的14种PAEs的总含量随季节变化较明显。2013年和2014年5月份各采样点表层沉积物中14种PAEs单体含量在ND~2.914μg/g之间,各采样点表层沉积物中14种PAEs的总含量在1.094μg/g~4.770μg/g之间;2013年和2014年8月份各采样点表层沉积物中14种PAEs单体含量在ND~3.167μg/g之间,各采样点表层沉积物中14种PAEs的总含量在0.506μg/g~2.70μg/g之间。本研究表明:珠江河口表层沉积物PAEs的含量较低,且随季节及年份的变化较明显。2013年和2014年的5月份较8月份含量高。从2012到2014年总体为上升趋势。32种水生动物中14种PAEs单体含量在ND~6.683μg/g之间;14种PAEs的总含量范围在0.251μg/g~15.229μg/g之间。其中黄颡鱼体内∑PAEs含量最高为15.559μg/g,罗氏沼虾体内∑PAEs含量最低为0.251μg/g。珠江河口水域的水生动物样品体内PAEs含量分布同其他地区相比较处在中等较低水平。结果表明:在珠江河口地区的三种介质中,14种PAEs的总含量为生物样沉积物水样。4种PAEs化合物对三角鲂的急性毒性实验表明:DBP、DMP、DEHP、DEP对三角鲂48 h的LC50值分别为2.410 mg/L、4.120 mg/L、6.150 mg/L、6.840 mg/L;安全浓度分别为0.550 mg/L、0.790 mg/L、1.620 mg/L、2.000 mg/L;4种PAEs化合物毒性大小顺序为DBPDMPDEHPDEP。且不同浓度4种PAEs化合物对三角鲂的致死率都有极显著的影响。通过计算得到珠江河口水生动物中DEHP的接触风险指数(ERI)分别为ERIMIN(0.25×10-3)—ERIMAX(0.35×10-1)和ERIMIN(0.33×10-3)—ERIMAX(0.47×10-1),接触暴露风险指数远小于1,因此,成人摄入66.6 g/d水产品暴露的DEHP量不会对健康构成威胁。
[Abstract]:Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a class of industrial compounds that are widely used in the world. They are mainly used to change the plasticity of plastics. PAEs can be released into the environment over time and can be enriched in organisms. Many toxic side effects. PAEs pollution has become a hot issue, and its harm to human beings has attracted more and more attention. In this paper, the contents of 14 PAEs in water, surface sediments and aquatic animals in the Pearl River Estuary and their pollution level in the Pearl River Estuary are studied. Combined with the acute toxicity test of four PAEs substances, the exposure risk of these substances was evaluated. In May 2014, the contents of 14 PAEs monomer in the water samples were between 5.050 渭 g / L and 5.050 渭 g / L, respectively. The average content of 14 kinds of PAEs was 0.044 渭 g / L, 0.511 渭 g / L, and the total content of 14 kinds of PAEs was between 0.617 渭 g / L and 7.154 渭 g / L, respectively. In August 2014, the contents of 14 PAEs were between 0.721 渭 g / L and 0.721 渭 g / L, respectively. The average content of 14 kinds of PAEs was 0.025 渭 g / L ~ 0.105 渭 g 路L ~ (-1), and the total content of 14 kinds of PAEs was 0.348 渭 g / L ~ (-1) 渭 g / L ~ (-1) ~ (-1) 渭 g 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The results showed that the total contents of 14 PAEs in the surface water of the Pearl River estuary varied significantly with the seasons. The contents of 14 PAEs monomer in the surface sediments of each sampling site in 2013 and May 2014 were between 2.914 渭 g / g and 2.914 渭 g / g, respectively. The total contents of 14 kinds of PAEs in surface sediments of each sampling site were between 1.094 渭 g/g~4.770 渭 g / g, 14 kinds of PAEs monomer contents in surface sediments of each sampling site were between 3.167 渭 g / g and 0.506 渭 g/g~2.70 渭 g / g in surface sediments of each sampling site in 2013 and August 2014, respectively, the total contents of 14 kinds of PAEs in surface sediments were between 0.506 渭 g/g~2.70 渭 g / g and 0.506 渭 g/g~2.70 渭 g / g, respectively. The results showed that the contents of PAEs in the surface sediments of the Pearl River estuary were relatively low and varied obviously with seasons and years, and the contents of PAEs in May 2013 and 2014 were higher than those in August. From 2012 to 2014, the total contents of 14 species of PAEs in 32 species of aquatic animals ranged from 6.683 渭 g / g to 0.251 渭 g/g~15.229 渭 g / g. The 鈭，

本文编号：2025427