内河和近海船舶排放特性及排放清单研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 14:04

本文选题：船舶 + 排放因子　；参考：《北京理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文利用便携式排放测试系统（PEMS）在国内开展了内河船舶在实际工作状态下的排放特性研究，获得了内河船舶的排放因子，其CO、NOX、HC、PM基于燃油的排放因子分别为52g/（kg燃油）、75.6g/（kg燃油）、5.4g/（kg燃油）、7.3g/（kg燃油）；从实验结果来看，在进出港状态下，由于船速和功率的不断调整，使NOX、HC、CO、PM瞬时排放浓度均出现强烈波动，而巡航工况下船速和各类污染物的排放浓度变化不大。结合我国2011年内河船舶货物周转量计算了2011年内河船舶耗油量，并利用该排放因子对内河船舶的排放清单进行了计算，获得2011年内河船舶NOX、HC、CO、PM排放量分别为52.7104t、3.3104t、31.5104t、4.5104t。同时，利用船舶自动识别系统（AIS）采集到的船舶运行数据，采用基于船舶活动水平的计算方法对渤海湾天津港、唐山港、秦皇岛港和黄骅港的排放清单进行了计算。结果显示，集装箱船和散货船是主要排放船舶类型；主机是船舶排放的主要机型；巡航状态是污染物排放的主要状态。将船舶的污染物排放按其行驶路径分布，设置的网格精度为1km1km,并利用ARCGIS软件做出了船舶排放污染物在的空间分布图。从船舶污染物的空间分布图来看，船舶越靠近港口，其排放密度越大，距离港口15海里范围内，是排放最密集的区域。根据港口规模和港口特点，本文建议，，天津港应将停泊使用岸电作为首选，而唐山港、秦皇岛港和黄骅港建立减速区和排放控制区会取得更好的效果。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the emission characteristics of inland ships are studied in China by means of portable emission test system (PEMS), and the emission factors of inland ships are obtained. The emission factors based on fuel are 52g/(kg fuel (75.6 g / kg / kg) fuel oil / kg / kg fuel oil / kg fuel. From the experimental results, it can be seen from the experimental results that the instantaneous emission concentrations of NOXHCCOPM are strongly fluctuated because of the constant adjustment of ship speed and power under the condition of entering and leaving the port. However, the ship speed and emission concentration of various pollutants do not change much under cruising conditions. The oil consumption of inland river ships in 2011 is calculated according to the cargo turnover of inland river ships in China in 2011, and the emission inventory of inland river ships is calculated by using this emission factor. The emission of NOXO HCO COO PM from inland river ships in 2011 is 52.7104 t / t 3.3104t / 31.5104t / 4.5104t respectively. At the same time, the emission lists of Tianjin Port, Tangshan Port, Qinhuangdao Port and Huanghua Port in Bohai Bay are calculated by using the ship operation data collected by automatic ship Identification system (AIS). The results show that container ship and bulk carrier are the main emission types, the main engine is the main type of ship emission, and the cruising state is the main state of pollutant emission. The pollutant emission of ship is distributed according to its running path, and the grid precision is 1km1km. the spatial distribution map of marine pollutant emission is made by using ARCGIS software. According to the spatial distribution map of ship pollutants, the closer the ship is to the port, the greater the emission density is, and the densest area is within 15 nautical miles from the port. According to the port scale and port characteristics, this paper suggests that Tianjin port should take berthing and using shore electricity as the first choice, while Tangshan Port, Qinhuangdao Port and Huanghua Port should establish deceleration zone and discharge control area.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X736.3

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