地表水中磺胺类抗生素的生态风险评价

发布时间：2018-06-27 19:32

本文选题：磺胺类抗生素 + 预测无效应浓度　；参考：《生态环境学报》2016年09期

【摘要】：抗生素滥用导致地表水中频繁检出抗生素抗性基因,抗生素抗性基因对生态环境和人体健康具有潜在危害。收集整理磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)、甲氧苄氨嘧啶(TMP)、磺胺二甲嘧啶(SMZ)3种磺胺类抗生素的慢性毒性参数数据(NOEC)及其在中国14个不同地表水中的环境检测浓度(MEC),得到SMX、TMP、SMZ的NOEC值范围分别为9.4~2 500、157~200 000、300~200 000μg?L-1,其对藻类、甲壳类、鱼类3个营养级中最敏感的物种分别为大型蚤Daphnia magna、斑马鱼Danio rerio、月牙藻Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata,三者的NOEC值分别为120、157、1 000μg?L-1;地表水中SMX、TMP、SMZ最大MEC分别出现于白洋淀湖(940 ng?L-1)、莱州湾(330 ng?L-1)、九龙江(775.5 ng?L-1)。采用风险评价因子(RAF)和物种敏感性分布(SSD)分别计算出3种磺胺类抗生素的预测无效应浓度(PNEC),RAF法得到的PNEC值分别为12、15.7、100μg?L-1,SSD法得到的PNEC分别为4.674、107.394、255.516μg?L-1。通过风险熵(RQ)法对不同地表水中3种磺胺类抗生素进行生态风险评价,结果显示除了白洋淀湖中SMX的RQ值为0.201,存在潜在风险,其他水域中RQ均小于0.1,说明中国地表水中SMX、TMP、SMZ风险很小或无风险。
[Abstract]:Antibiotic abuse results in frequent detection of antibiotic resistance genes in surface water. Antibiotic resistance genes are potentially harmful to ecological environment and human health. The chronic toxicity parameter data (NOEC) of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), trimethoprim (TMP), sulfamethazine (SMZ) and their environmental detection concentrations (MEC) in 14 different surface waters in China were collected. It is 9.4U 2 500157U 200 000300m 200 000 渭 g / L 1, respectively, and its effect on algae, Among crustaceans, the most sensitive species were Daphnia Magnaa, Danio rerio, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata.The NOEC values of the three species were 120,1571,000 渭 g / L, respectively, and the maximum values of SMXTMPSMZ in surface water were found in Baiyangdian Lake (940 ng 路L ~ (-1), Laizhou Bay (330ng / L) and Jiulong River (775.5 ng 路L ~ (-1). By using risk assessment factor (RAF) and species sensitivity distribution (SSD), the PNEC values of the predicted noneffectual concentration (PNEC) of the three sulfonamides were calculated. The PNEC values obtained by the RAF method were 125.7100 渭 g / L and the PNEC obtained by the SSD method were 4.674107.394255.516 渭 g / L ~ (-1) and 4.674107.394255.516 渭 g 路L ~ (-1), respectively. Risk entropy (RQ) method was used to evaluate the ecological risk of three sulfonamides in different surface water. The results showed that the RQ value of SMX in Baiyangdian Lake was 0.201, and there was potential risk. The RQ in other waters is less than 0.1, indicating that the risk of SMX TMPZ in surface water of China is very small or no risk.
【作者单位】：东华大学环境科学与工程学院;
【基金】：上海市科技攻关项目(033919457)
【分类号】：X824

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