接枝丙纶非织造布在吸附分离和电化学氧化处理模拟染料废水中的应用

发布时间：2018-06-28 03:24

本文选题：丙纶非织造布 + 接枝改性　；参考：《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：染料废水成分复杂,色度和化学需氧量高,当这类废水未经处理而流入自然水体中时,严重地破坏了水环境,不利于人类的健康。因此,染料废水的综合性治理已经成为一个急需要解决的问题。丙纶非织造布因为具有力学强度高、孔隙率大,化学稳定性好,价格低廉等优点而被广泛应用。经过紫外光引发接枝改性后的丙纶非织造布,类似于膜分离的作用,可以赋予其对染料良好的过滤吸附分离性能。将改性后的织物应用于电化学氧化装置中,可以降低染料废水的COD,提高电化学处理效率。本论文采用两种方法对模拟染料废水阳离子红X-GRL和弱酸性红RN进行处理,一是对丙纶非织造布进行紫外光辐射接枝改性处理,分别将阴离子单体丙烯酸AA和阳离子单体MAPTAC接枝到丙纶非织造布上,从而分别赋予它们对阳离子染料和弱酸性染料的良好的过滤吸附分离性能,着重探讨了其吸附动力学和解吸特性,以及动态吸附和超声波解吸循环10次的染料去除效果。二是利用电化学氧化装置对模拟染料废水进行处理,克服了第一种方法中产生的解吸废液二次污染以及一种改性织物只能去除单一种类的染料的局限性问题。实验中初步探讨了不同条件对阳离子染料处理效果的影响,进一步将改性丙纶非织造布和离子交换树脂混合填充到电化学氧化装置中,研究了吸附与电化学氧化作用对两种染料的去除效果。得出如下重要结论:(1)接枝改性织物PP-g-AA对阳离子染料的吸附符合Lagergren’s准二级动力学模型和双指数模型,且初始浓度越高,吸附速率越快,吸附平衡时间约60min。(2)吸附阳离子染料后的接枝织物PP-g-AA可以用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠、乙醇和去离子水混合溶剂进行超声波解吸。解吸液的最佳配比为:5%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠,乙醇:水=3:7,解吸时间约60-90min。解吸符合Lagergren’s准二级动力学。在不同吸附初始浓度时,解吸量和解吸率均随着解吸时间延长和吸附量增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势。解吸废液中的十二烷基苯磺酸钠可以用泡沫分离法去除。(3)对于吸附弱酸性红RN染料的接枝织物PP-g-MAPTAC,可以用阳离子表面活性剂1427、乙醇和去离子水混合溶剂进行超声波解吸。解吸液的最佳配比为:14275%,乙醇:水=3:7。不同吸附初始浓度下的解吸过程符合Lagergren’s准二级动力学模型。解吸率随时间和吸附量的变化规律与阳离子染料的解吸相同。(4)两种接枝织物对染料均具有良好的吸附性能,PP-g-AA对阳离子红X-GRL的最大吸附量为122.38mg/g,PP-g-MAPTAC对弱酸性红RN染料的最大吸附量为230.36mg/g。(5)在自制动态吸附过滤分离装置上重复吸附-解吸10次,原水浓度10mg/L和过滤总液量高达30L的模拟阳离子染料废水的实验中,三片PP-g-AA接枝织物对染料去除率均在96%以上,解吸液用量为过滤原液体积的10%,最大解吸率为89.08%。在很小的操作压力37.1k Pa下,PP-g-AA膜的水通量最大能达到38.6L/(m2·h),表现出优异的再生利用特性与过滤分离性能。(6)对于弱酸性染料浓度10mg/L和过滤液总量高达30L的模拟染料废水的动态吸附-解吸再生循环10次的实验过程中,两片PP-g-MAPTAC接枝织物对染料去除率均在79%以上,最大解吸率达到98.43%,表现出优异的可再生利用特性。在40k Pa的操作压力下,PP-g-MAPTAC膜的水通量最大能达到20.1L/(m2·h),其水通量基本大于纳滤膜和超滤膜。(7)电化学氧化法处理模拟染料废水实验中,淡室不填充条件下,以0.1mol/L Na Cl为电解液对阳离子红X-GRL染料进行电化学氧化处理,脱色率和CODcr去除率随着电压的增大而增大,随着染料进水速度的增大而减小。当染料30mg/L,进水速度为750m L/h,电压30V时,染料脱色率为100%,CODcr去除率在70%以上。Na Cl的电化学氧化作用明显优于Na2SO4。(8)淡室混合填充离子交换树脂和改性丙纶非织造布时,利用电化学氧化装置处理阳离子染料和酸性染料的时,两者的处理效果均比较优异,但是处理阳离子染料时所消耗的电能较小,且进水速度较大。对于阳离子染料,在较低电压10V,染料进水速度为1250m L/h时,脱色率为96%,CODcr去除率为70%以上。对于弱酸性染料,在电压25V,进水速度为750m L/h时,染料的脱色率为100%,CODcr去除率为76%左右。本文的特色与创新之处:(1)本文较系统地探讨接枝织物吸附过滤分离染料废水,不仅处理染料废水量大(废水与洗涤用水体积比为10:1),而且织物重复利用次数高达10次,特别是用加热与泡沫分离法分别回收处理乙醇、表面活性剂和染料。(2)本文基于电化学氧化原理,率先利用电去离子装置处理模拟染料废水,并初步取得了良好效果。
[Abstract]:Dyestuff wastewater has a complex composition, high chromaticity and chemical oxygen demand. When such wastewater flows into the natural water body without treatment, it seriously destroys the water environment and is not conducive to human health. Therefore, the comprehensive treatment of dyestuff wastewater has become an urgent problem to be solved. The polypropylene nonwovens have high mechanical strength and large porosity. The modified polypropylene nonwovens, similar to the effect of membrane separation, can give the dyestuff a good adsorption separation performance. The modified fabric can be used in electrochemical oxygen loading, which can reduce the COD of dye wastewater and improve electricity. Two methods are used to treat the cationic red x--GRL and the weak acid red RN in the simulated dye wastewater. One is to graft the polypropylene nonwovens by UV radiation grafting, and the anionic monomer acrylic acid AA and the cationic monomer MAPTAC are grafted onto the polypropylene nonwovens respectively. The good adsorption and separation performance of cationic dyes and weak acid dyes is made. The adsorption kinetics and desorption characteristics, and the 10 dye removal effects of dynamic adsorption and ultrasonic desorption cycle are emphatically discussed. Two is the use of electrochemical oxidation equipment to treat simulated dye wastewater and overcome the desorption of the first method. The two pollution of waste liquid and the limitation of a single type of dyestuff can only be removed by a modified fabric. In the experiment, the effect of different conditions on the treatment effect of cationic dyes was preliminarily discussed. The modified polypropylene nonwovens and ion-exchange resins were mixed into the electrochemical oxidation device, and the adsorption and electrochemical oxygen were studied. The effect of two dyes on the removal of two kinds of dyes was concluded as follows: (1) the adsorption of cationic dyes on the modified fabric PP-g-AA accorded with the Lagergren 's quasi two kinetic model and the double exponential model, and the higher the initial concentration, the faster the adsorption rate, the adsorption equilibrium time about 60min. (2) after the adsorption of the cationic dye PP-g-AA. Anionic surfactant twelve alkylbenzene sulfonate, ethanol and deionized water can be used for supersonic desorption. The optimum ratio of solution absorption is 5% of twelve alkyl benzene sulfonates, ethanol: water =3:7, desorption time about 60-90min. desorption in accordance with Lagergren 's quasi two kinetics. The desorption rate increases first and then decreases with the prolongation of the desorption time and the increase of the adsorption capacity. The twelve alkyl benzene sulfonate in the desorbed waste liquid can be removed by the foam separation. (3) the graft fabric of the weakly acidic red RN dye can be mixed with the cationic surfactant 1427, ethanol and deionized water. The optimum ratio of solution absorption is 14275%, ethanol: the desorption process of water =3:7. under different initial concentration of water conforms to Lagergren 's quasi two kinetics model. The change of desorption rate with time and adsorption quantity is the same as that of cationic dye. (4) two kinds of graft fabrics have good adsorption properties to dyes, PP-g The maximum adsorption capacity of -AA for cationic red x--GRL is 122.38mg/g, and the maximum adsorption capacity of PP-g-MAPTAC for weak acid red RN dye is 230.36mg/g. (5), which is repeated adsorbed and desorption on the self-made dynamic adsorption filtration separation device for 10 times. In the experiment of the simulated cationic dye wastewater with the concentration of 10mg/L and the total filtrate as high as 30L, three pieces of PP-g-AA graft in the experiment. The dye removal rate of the fabric is above 96%, and the solution absorption amount is 10% of the volume of the filtered original liquid. The maximum desorption rate is 89.08%. at a very small operating pressure 37.1k Pa, the maximum water flux of the PP-g-AA film can reach 38.6L/ (m2. H). The excellent regeneration and use properties and filtration separation performance are shown. (6) for the weak acid dye concentration 10mg/L and filtration During the 10 times of the dynamic adsorption desorption regeneration cycle of simulated dye wastewater with a total liquid amount of 30L, two PP-g-MAPTAC grafted fabrics have more than 79% dye removal rates, and the maximum desorption rate is 98.43%, showing excellent renewable properties. The maximum water flux of PP-g-MAPTAC film can reach 20 under the operating pressure of 40K Pa. The water flux of.1L/ (m2. H) is basically greater than that of nanofiltration membrane and ultrafiltration membrane. (7) in the experiment of treating simulated dye wastewater by electrochemical oxidation, the electrochemical oxidation of cationic red x -GRL dye is treated with 0.1mol/L Na Cl as electrolyte. The decolorization rate and CODcr removal rate increases with the increase of voltage, with the speed of dye influent. When the dye 30mg/L, the influent speed is 750m L/h and the voltage 30V, the dye decolorization rate is 100%, the electrochemical oxidation of CODcr removal rate above 70%.Na Cl is obviously superior to Na2SO4. (8) light chamber mixed with ion exchange resin and modified polypropylene nonwovens, and the electrochemical oxidation device is used to treat the cationic dyes and acids. The treatment effect of the dye is excellent, but the electricity energy consumed by the cationic dye is smaller and the influent speed is larger. For the cationic dye, the decolorization rate is 96% and the CODcr removal rate is more than 70% at the lower voltage 10V and the dye influent speed of 1250m L/h. For the weak acid dye, the inlet velocity is 7 at the voltage 25V. At 50m L/h, the decolorization rate of dye is 100% and the removal rate of CODcr is about 76%. The characteristics and innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) this paper systematically discusses the adsorption and filtration of dye wastewater by grafting fabric adsorption and filtration, which not only deals with the large amount of waste water (the volume ratio of wastewater and washing water is 10:1), but also the reutilization of the fabric as high as 10 times, especially by heating and heating. The foam separation method was used to recover the ethanol, surface active agent and dye respectively. (2) based on the principle of electrochemical oxidation, this paper took the lead in the treatment of simulated dye wastewater with electrodeionization device, and achieved good results.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

【参考文献】