超重力湿法除尘技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 03:45

本文选题：超重力 + 湿法除尘　；参考：《中北大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着化石燃料的燃烧和工业尾气的大量排放，含尘废气给大气环境造成了很大的负担，所排放粉尘中的细颗粒物急剧增多，导致近年来“雾霾”现象频发。因此，开发新型的高效除尘设备成为关键。超重力湿法除尘技术具有除尘效率高、能耗低的优点而备受关注，但目前研究和应用的多为逆流结构的旋转填料床，可能存在气速受限、气体阻力大等问题。基于此，本文分别对错流和逆流旋转填料床的除尘效率和压降进行了研究和对比。同时，将润湿剂与超重力湿法除尘技术耦合，旨在进一步提高旋转填料床的除尘效率。采用平均粒径为2.25μm的粉煤灰模拟含尘气体，通过对超重力湿法除尘的各种因素——含尘气体浓度、超重力因子、液体喷淋密度、气速对除尘效率影响的研究，确定了适宜的操作参数，在此条件下，错流床和逆流床的总除尘效率分别为99.6%和99.8%。错流床和逆流床对2.5μm粉尘的分级效率2.5分别可以达到94.3%和96.1%，对1.0μm粉尘的分级效率1.0分别为79.4%和85.3%。对错流与逆流旋转填料床在除尘过程中气相压降的研究表明，错流床和逆流床的气相压降都随着超重力因子和气速的增大而增大，且逆流床趋势更明显，但液体喷淋密度对压降的影响不大。在同样的操作参数下，错流床与逆流床除尘效率相当，，但气相压降仅为后者的51%，气相输送阻力小。通过润湿剂溶液的表面张力变化和对粉尘的浸润速度两个实验，初步筛选出4种润湿剂与旋转填料床耦合。结果表明，十二烷基苯磺酸钠效果最好，以质量浓度为0.03%的润湿剂为除尘剂，适宜的超重力因子从80降低至58.7，减小了26.6%，液体喷淋密度不变。在相同的实验条件下，总除尘效率提高了1%，PM2.5的分级效率提高了3.43%，PM1.0的分级效率提高了8.44%。综上所述，错流旋转填料床的除尘效率高，压降低，更适用于处理大气量的含尘气体。添加润湿剂有助于提高旋转填料床对微米级颗粒物的脱除效率，同时降低能耗，为超重力湿法除尘的工业化推广提供理论依据和实践基础。
[Abstract]:With the combustion of fossil fuels and the emission of industrial tail gas, the dust waste gas has caused a great burden to the atmospheric environment, and the fine particles in the emitted dust have increased sharply, resulting in the frequent occurrence of "haze" phenomenon in recent years. Therefore, the development of a new type of high-efficiency dust removal equipment has become the key. High gravity wet dust removal technology has attracted much attention due to its advantages of high dust removal efficiency and low energy consumption. However, the current research and application of rotating packed bed with countercurrent structure may have some problems such as limited gas velocity and large gas resistance. Based on this, the dust removal efficiency and pressure drop of cross flow and countercurrent rotating packed bed are studied and compared in this paper. At the same time, the wetting agent is coupled with the high gravity wet dedusting technology in order to further improve the dust removal efficiency of rotating packed bed. The dust containing gas was simulated by fly ash with average particle size of 2.25 渭 m. The effects of various factors such as concentration of dust-bearing gas, high gravity factor, liquid spray density and gas velocity on the dust removal efficiency were studied. Under these conditions, the total dedusting efficiency of cross-flow bed and countercurrent bed is 99.6% and 99.8%, respectively. The classification efficiency of cross-flow bed and countercurrent bed for 2.5 渭 m dust can reach 94.3% and 96.1%, respectively, and 1.0 for 1.0 渭 m dust is 79.4% and 85.3%, respectively. The gas phase pressure drop of cross flow and countercurrent rotating packed bed in the process of dust removal shows that the gas phase pressure drop of cross flow bed and counter flow bed increases with the increase of high gravity factor and gas velocity, and the trend of counter flow bed is more obvious. But the liquid spray density has little effect on the pressure drop. Under the same operating parameters, the efficiency of cross-flow bed and countercurrent bed is equivalent, but the gas pressure drop is only 51% of the latter, and the gas phase transport resistance is small. Through two experiments, the surface tension change of wetting agent solution and the soaking speed of dust, four wetting agents were preliminarily selected for coupling with rotating packed bed. The results showed that sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate had the best effect. With the wetting agent of 0.03% mass concentration as dust remover, the suitable hypergravity factor was reduced from 80 to 58.7, and the liquid spray density was unchanged. Under the same experimental conditions, the total dust removal efficiency increased the classification efficiency of 1% PM2.5 and the classification efficiency of 3.43% PM1.0 increased 8.4444%. To sum up, cross-flow rotating packed bed has high dust removal efficiency and lower pressure, which is more suitable for dealing with dust-containing gas with large amount of gas. The addition of wetting agent can improve the removal efficiency of micron particles in rotating packed bed and reduce the energy consumption. It provides a theoretical basis and practical basis for the industrialization and popularization of wet dust removal by hypergravity method.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X701.2;TQ028.23

【参考文献】