一体式膜生物反应器处理效能和膜污染研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 06:27

本文选题：膜生物反应器 + 进水水质　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于膜生物反应器相比于其他污水处理工艺有很多优点,近年来关于膜生物反应器的应用得到很大推广,然而在实际工程应用中膜生物反应器出现了很多问题,其中由于反应器长时间运行产生的膜污染问题尤其严重。本实验从膜污染问题出发,在其他研究成果基础上,利用三组完全相同的膜生物反应器重点研究了进水水质和运行条件对膜污染的影响。在其他条件完全相同的情况下,向三组膜生物反应器A.B.C中分别加入硝化出水,普通生活污水,普通生活污水+垃圾渗滤液水,三组反应器连续运行60天后发现,膜生物反应器对于水质的处理效果有很大的区别,从对COD的去除效果来看,三组膜生物反应器均能实现出水COD一级A标准,但是只有膜生物反应器B对COD的去除效果达到90%以上,从氨氮的去除效果来看,膜生物反应器A对氨氮去除率能达到90%以上,且出水氨氮能达到一级A标准,膜生物反应B和C对氨氮去除效果在75%上下浮动,出水氨氮不能达一级A标准,对于总氮和总磷的去除,三组反应器均没有明显的处理效果。从膜污染方面考虑,跨膜压差的增长速率是膜生物反应器CBA,同时SMP的含量分别是:C,33mg/l,B,15mg/l,A,10mg/l,EPS的含量分别是C,65mg/l,B,25mg/l,A,10mg/l。进一步证明了SMP,EPS和膜污染存在很大的相关性。实验通过对比上清液和膜出水中的SMP发现,出水SMP中的蛋白质明显小于上清液中的蛋白质含量,说明蛋白质在经过膜组件时被膜系统截留,进而会产生膜污染。实验还研究了运行条件对膜污染的影响,通过向反应器中投加铁盐和铝盐研究了化学药剂对除磷效果和膜污染的影响,从本实验研究成果来看,推荐使用铁盐作为最佳除磷药剂,铁盐的最佳投药量是25mg/l,从膜污染情况来看,投加铝盐时膜污染速率是0.067kpa/d,投加铁盐时膜污染速率是0.8kpa/d,从SMP来看,铝盐的加入使得溶解性微生物产物的含量从7.5mg/l下降到5.0mg/l,而铁盐的加入使得溶解性微生物产物的含量从7.0mg/l下降到5.2mg/l。化学药剂对SMP的降低主要是通过降低SMP中的多糖含量来实现。通过研究曝气强度和污泥龄对膜污染的影响发现,根据反应器的运行条件,膜生物反应器存在最佳的曝气强度和最佳污泥龄,对于本实验而言,膜生物反应器的最佳曝气强度是0.06m3/h,最佳污泥龄是30天.通过一年的实验研究得出,SMP和EPS与膜污染有很大的关系,进水水质对膜污染影响严重。通过研究铁盐和铝盐对膜污染的影响发现,铁盐和铝盐均能使膜污染速率降低,同时得出相对于不同的反应器运行条件MBR装置存在一个最佳的曝气强度和污泥龄。
[Abstract]:Because membrane bioreactor has many advantages compared with other wastewater treatment processes, the application of membrane bioreactor has been popularized in recent years. However, there are many problems in the practical application of membrane bioreactor. The membrane fouling caused by long-time operation of the reactor is especially serious. On the basis of other research results, three groups of identical membrane bioreactors were used to study the effects of influent water quality and operation conditions on membrane fouling. Under the same conditions, three groups of membrane bioreactor A.B.C were respectively added nitrified effluent, ordinary domestic sewage leachate water. After 60 days of continuous operation of the three groups of reactors, it was found that, The treatment effect of membrane bioreactor on water quality is very different. According to the removal effect of COD, all three groups of membrane bioreactor can achieve the first class A standard of effluent COD. However, only membrane bioreactor B has more than 90% COD removal efficiency. In view of ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency, membrane bioreactor A can remove more than 90% ammonia nitrogen, and effluent ammonia nitrogen can reach first class A standard. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen by membrane biological reaction B and C was about 75%, and the ammonia nitrogen in effluent could not reach the first class A standard. The removal of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the three groups of reactors had no obvious effect. Considering membrane fouling, the growth rate of transmembrane pressure difference is CBA, and the content of SMP is 15 mg / L 10 mg / L EPS, respectively. It is further proved that there is a great correlation between SMPP EPS and membrane fouling. By comparing the SMP in the supernatant and the effluent, it was found that the protein content in the effluent SMP was obviously lower than that in the supernatant, which indicated that the protein was intercepted by the membrane system when it passed through the membrane module, and then membrane fouling was produced. The effects of operation conditions on membrane fouling were also studied. The effects of chemical agents on phosphorus removal and membrane fouling were studied by adding iron salt and aluminum salt into the reactor. Iron salt is recommended as the best phosphorus removal agent. The best dosage of iron salt is 25 mg / l. According to the condition of membrane fouling, the membrane fouling rate is 0.067 kpa / d when aluminum salt is added, and 0.8 kpa / d when iron salt is added. From the view of SMP, The content of soluble microbial products decreased from 7.5mg/l to 5.0 mg / L with the addition of aluminum salt, while the content of dissolved microbial products decreased from 7.0mg/l to 5.2 mg / l with the addition of iron salt. The decrease of SMP by chemical agents is mainly achieved by reducing the content of polysaccharides in SMP. By studying the effects of aeration intensity and sludge age on membrane fouling, it is found that the membrane bioreactor has the best aeration intensity and the best sludge age according to the operating conditions of the reactor. The optimum aeration intensity of membrane bioreactor is 0.06 m3 / h and the optimum sludge age is 30 days. Through one year's experimental study, it is concluded that SMP and EPS have a great relationship with membrane fouling, and the influent water quality has a serious influence on membrane fouling. By studying the effect of iron salt and aluminum salt on membrane fouling, it is found that both iron salt and aluminum salt can reduce the membrane fouling rate, and at the same time, the optimum aeration intensity and sludge age of MBR plant under different operating conditions are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703.3

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