四川省典型矿山地下水污染因子识别与修复技术筛选

发布时间：2018-07-03 05:02

本文选题：典型矿山 + 地下水　；参考：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：四川省矿产资源十分丰富,矿产经济已成为四川省经济的重要支撑点。由于历史上开采技术水平的不足,矿山开采活动造成了矿山地下水污染的环境问题,并且采矿活动已成为四川省地下水污染的主要原因之一。在前人研究成果的基础上,结合实际现场调查所获的数据和资料,分析了四川省矿山分布情况;并以四个典型矿山为例通过矿物成分分析、浸出毒性试验、地下水水质采样分析等识别四川省典型矿山地下水污染因子,并在此基础上进行了修复技术筛选研究。以期获得一定理论意义,来指导四川省今后矿山地下水污染修复工程实践,为今后四川矿山地下水污染修复选择适合的技术提供参考。得到主要认识和成果如下:(1)煤矿山主要分布盆周地区和川南地区;黑色金属矿山主要集中攀西、川南和川东北地区;有色金属矿山主要集中川西高原地区;非金属矿山主要位于成都平原一带。(2)典型煤矿地下水污染因子为矿井和排矸场产生的酸性废水和金属离子Fe;典型黑色和有色金属矿地下水污染因子为废石场和尾矿库产生的酸性废水、重金属离子和选矿药剂,两种类型差别在于重金属离子不一样,典型黑色金属矿主要以Ti、Ni、Fe、As为主,典型有色金属矿以Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr为主。典型非金属矿地下水污染因子以氟为主。(3)按照技术可行性、经济合理性、二次污染可能性低等筛选原则,对现在主要的地下水修复技术经过评分进行排序筛选,得出四川省煤矿地下水污染修复技术顺序依次为渗透反应墙、抽出处理、微生物修复、监测自然衰减、植物修复、原位化学还原;黑色金属矿地下水污染修复技术顺序依次为抽出处理、渗透反应墙、微生物修复、监测自然衰减、原位化学还原技术、植物修复;有色金属矿地下水修复技术排序为抽出处理、渗透反应墙、微生物修复、原位化学还原、植物修复、监测自然衰减;非金属矿地下水污染修复技术排序为渗透反应墙、电动力、抽出处理、植物修复、原位化学还原、监测自然衰减。
[Abstract]:Sichuan Province is rich in mineral resources, mineral economy has become an important supporting point of Sichuan economy. Because of the shortage of mining technology in history, mining activities have caused environmental problems of underground water pollution in mines, and mining activities have become one of the main causes of groundwater pollution in Sichuan Province. Based on the previous research results, combined with the data and data obtained from the actual field investigation, the distribution of mines in Sichuan Province is analyzed, and the leaching toxicity test of four typical mines through mineral composition analysis is taken as an example. Groundwater pollution factors of typical mines in Sichuan Province are identified by sampling and analysis of groundwater quality. It is expected to obtain certain theoretical significance to guide the practice of underground water pollution remediation in mines in Sichuan Province in the future and to provide a reference for the selection of suitable technologies for groundwater pollution remediation in mines in Sichuan in the future. The main results are as follows: (1) the coal mines are mainly distributed in the basin area and the southern Sichuan area, the ferrous metal mines are mainly concentrated in Panxi, southern Sichuan and northeast Sichuan, the non-ferrous metal mines are mainly concentrated in the western Sichuan plateau area; Non-metallic mines are mainly located in Chengdu Plain. (2) the pollution factors of groundwater in typical coal mines are acid wastewater and metal ion Fe produced by mine and gangue dump, and the pollution factors of groundwater in typical black and non-ferrous metal mines are waste quarries and tailings. Acid waste water from ore reservoirs, The difference between heavy metal ions and mineral dressing agents lies in the difference of heavy metal ions. The typical ferrous metal ores are mainly Tiannio Fetio as and the typical non-ferrous metals deposits are Cu PbPbZn-Zn-Cr. The main pollution factors of groundwater in typical nonmetallic mines are fluorine. (3) according to the principles of technical feasibility, economic rationality and low possibility of secondary pollution, the main groundwater remediation techniques are sorted and screened by grading. It is concluded that the sequence of remediation techniques for underground water pollution in Sichuan coal mines is permeation reaction wall, extraction treatment, microbial remediation, monitoring of natural attenuation, phytoremediation, and in situ chemical reduction. The order of remediation techniques for groundwater pollution in ferrous metal mines is extraction treatment, permeation reaction wall, microbial remediation, monitoring of natural attenuation, in-situ chemical reduction technology, phytoremediation, and extraction treatment of nonferrous metal ore groundwater remediation techniques. Permeation reaction walls, microbial remediation, in-situ chemical reduction, phytoremediation, monitoring of natural attenuation, remediation techniques for groundwater contamination in nonmetallic mines are classified as osmotic reaction walls, electric power, extraction treatment, phytoremediation, in situ chemical reduction, Monitor natural attenuation.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X523

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