大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区湿地土壤重金属污染评价

发布时间：2018-07-16 08:09

【摘要】：2014年9~11月,在测定大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区湿地土壤重金属含量的基础上,分析其重金属的来源;采用内梅罗综合污染指数法和潜在生态危害指数法,评价该区土壤重金属污染特征和潜在的生态危害。结果表明,研究区土壤中的Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Cd、Ni、As和Hg的平均质量比分别为159.73 mg/kg、133.35mg/kg、16.53 mg/kg、39.6 mg/kg、1.26 mg/kg、34.76 mg/kg、5.19 mg/kg和0.08 mg/kg;其中,Cd和Hg含量都高于云南省背景值,大多数采样点土壤中的As、Cu、Pb和Zn含量也高于云南省背景值,Cr和Ni含量低于云南省背景值;土壤重金属的污染程度由高到低依次为Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni、Hg、As和Cr污染,重金属的潜在生态危害由强至弱依次为Cd、Hg、Cu、As、Pb、Zn和Cr生态危害。退耕4 a的土壤综合污染程度和重金属的潜在生态危害指数最高,其次为自然土壤的,退耕10 a土壤的最低;研究区土壤潜在生态危害程度为中等至强等危害程度,土壤重金属污染严重,Cd是第一污染物。土壤退耕年限越长,土壤的污染程度和潜在生态危害越低。研究区湿地土壤重金属污染严重,可能会对黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis)的取食和健康造成危害。
[Abstract]:In the 9~11 month of 2014, on the basis of the determination of heavy metals in the wetland soil in the National Nature Reserve of the Dashan black necked Crane, the source of the heavy metals was analyzed. The characteristics of soil heavy metals pollution and the potential ecological hazards were evaluated by the Nemero comprehensive pollution index method and the potential ecological hazard index method. The results showed that the soil in the study area was in the soil. The average mass ratio of Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Cd, Ni, As and Hg are 159.73 mg/kg, 133.35mg/kg, 16.53 mg/kg, 39.6 mg/kg, 1.26, 34.76, 5.19, 0.08, which are higher than the background values of Yunnan province. The level of soil heavy metals pollution from high to low is Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Hg, As and Cr. The potential ecological hazards of heavy metals from strong to weak are Cd, Hg, Cu, As, Cu, and ecological hazards. The soil is the lowest; the potential ecological hazards of soil in the study area are moderate to strong, and the soil heavy metal pollution is serious. Cd is the first pollutant. The longer the years of soil tillage, the lower the pollution degree and the potential ecological harm of the soil. The heavy metal pollution of the wetland soil in the study area may be taken from the black necked Crane (Grus nigricollis). Food and health are harmful.
【作者单位】：云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院;云南大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区管理局;
【基金】：大山包黑颈鹤自然保护区湿地土壤监测项目(0130020640219005) 云南师范大学研究生教育教学改革项目(YJG2015-E11)资助
【分类号】：X825

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