活性炭负载纳米二氧化钛的制备及其光催化性能的研究

发布时间：2018-07-16 13:31

【摘要】：废水主要来自生活污水、工业污水和农业废水。人类需要将这些废水经过适当的处理排放才能在生活中再使用,虽然人们已经掌握了多种处理污水的方法,但是这些方法仍然存在着一些缺点,例如成本高、降解不彻底、工艺复杂、二次污染等等。上世纪70年代发展起来的半导体光催化技术在降解有机污水和净化空气方面具有先进性,具有成本低,无毒及降解彻底等众多优点。光能是一种清洁能源,所以光催化在水处理的应用中具有重要意义。在众多的半导体催化剂中纳米二氧化钛因其自身的优点被广泛的应用于光催化水处理,在纳米粒径范围内的二氧化钛其光催化效率会有很大的提高。但是单纯的二氧化钛又因其禁带较宽,在光能的利用方面受到限制,所以对二氧化钛的改性,掺杂,负载成为主要的研究方向。活性炭的吸附特性,使其成为一种优良的催化剂载体,本文利用浸渍法制备活性炭负载纳米二氧化钛光催化剂,并将其应用于处理模拟废水——酸性品红溶液和甲基橙溶液。结果表明,当二氧化钛与活性炭的比例为2:1时光催化效果最好,对于160mL质量浓度为10mg/L酸性品红溶液,投入1g该催化剂时效果最好,且该催化剂可回收及再利用,重复回收利用五次后在50分钟内降解率达到97%,与第一次的降解率相近。
[Abstract]:Wastewater mainly comes from domestic sewage, industrial sewage and agricultural wastewater. Human beings need to treat and discharge these wastewater properly before they can be used in daily life. Although people have mastered a variety of sewage treatment methods, they still have some disadvantages, such as high cost and incomplete degradation. Complex process, secondary pollution and so on. The semiconductor photocatalytic technology developed in the 1970s has many advantages such as low cost, non-toxicity and thorough degradation in the degradation of organic wastewater and air purification. Light energy is a kind of clean energy, so photocatalysis plays an important role in water treatment. Among many semiconductor catalysts, nano-TiO _ 2 is widely used in photocatalytic water treatment because of its own advantages, and the photocatalytic efficiency of TIO _ 2 in nanometer particle size range will be greatly improved. However, because of its wide band gap and limited utilization of light energy, the modification, doping and loading of pure titanium dioxide become the main research direction. The adsorption characteristics of activated carbon make it an excellent catalyst carrier. In this paper, activated carbon supported nano-TiO _ 2 photocatalyst was prepared by impregnation method, and applied to the treatment of simulated wastewater-acid fuchsin solution and methyl orange solution. The results showed that the catalytic effect was the best when the ratio of titanium dioxide and activated carbon was 2:1, and the catalyst was the best when the concentration of 160ml was 10mg / L acid fuchsin solution, and the catalyst could be recovered and reused. The degradation rate reached 97% within 50 minutes after five times of recycling, which was similar to that of the first time.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O643.36;X703

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