环境群体性事件法治化对策研究
发布时间：2018-07-17 00:54
【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国工业化程度不断提高的同时,忽略环境保护的弊端也越发明显。近些年,许多典型的重大环境群体性事件频繁发生,现代社会冲突中的环保因素日益凸显。关注环境领域的公平正义问题,谨防环保因素成为新的社会冲突根源已经成为国内外学者及立法关注的重点。有别于一般的群体性事件,因环境问题引发的群体性事件涉及的范围广、参与人员身份复杂,而且对抗程度明显高于其他群体性事件,现实中已成为引发社会矛盾,影响经济、制约社会、涉及政治的重大问题,导致政府在处理类似事件时并不能运用常规的方法。环境友好型社会并非是一个没有矛盾、冲突和纠纷的社会,而是一个能够妥善化解各种矛盾、冲突和纠纷的社会,在此意义上,环境群体性事件解决机制的构建是环境友好型社会建设的应有之义。本文结合着环境群体性事件的相关概念及现实分析,结合我国立法应对能力现状,尝试对我国环境群体性事件解决的法治化对策作出探讨,其内容主要涉及以下几个部分:第一部分,阐述了环境群体性事件的基本概念及特征。在该部分中,首先简单概括了环境群体性事件的基本概念。其中,从公共管理学和社会学两方面解释了有关群体性事件的一般概念,进而引出环境群体性事件与一般的群体性事件的不同之处。其次,分别从事件多发,组织性强,矛盾激烈等三方面具体解释了环境群体性事件的性质。第二部分,阐述了我国环境群体性事件的基本现状和发展趋势。近些年来,我国的环境群体性事件呈现规模逐渐扩大,参与人数也逐渐增多,并大体呈现从中部向西部转移,城市向农村转移的趋势。并由于网络的普及,使得该类事件传播迅速,模仿性强,从而使政府采取相应对策的难度加大。另外,环境群体化事件产生的原因在于环境污染的急剧加重,地方政府片面的追求经济效益从而忽视环境问题,但公民的环境意识逐渐提高,从而导致了环境群体性事件的大幅度爆发。第三部分,从积极和消极两方面分析我国应对近年突发的环境群体性事件的具体对策,具体涉及法律体系、制度供给等方面。第四部分,对未来我国应对环境群体性事件的法治化对策完善进行分析。重点是围绕着政府,社会公民和民间组织等方面进行分析,如政府需要切实转变经济发展方式、健全国家法治环境等方面来应对环境群体性事件;企业或者社会其他组织需要进一步完善环境责任保险制度、建立合理的环境损害赔偿基金制度、完善环境保护公众参与机制等。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the degree of industrialization in China has been increasing, and the disadvantages of ignoring environmental protection have become more and more obvious. In recent years, many typical major environmental group events occur frequently, and environmental protection factors in modern social conflicts become increasingly prominent. It has become the focus of scholars and legislation at home and abroad to pay attention to the issue of fairness and justice in the field of environment and to guard against environmental factors becoming the new source of social conflict. Different from the general group events, the group events caused by environmental problems involve a wide range, the identity of the participants is complex, and the degree of confrontation is obviously higher than other group events. In reality, it has become a social contradiction and affected the economy. Social constraints and major political issues have led the government to deal with similar events in a way that does not apply conventional methods. An environment-friendly society is not a society without contradictions, conflicts and disputes, but one that can properly resolve conflicts, conflicts and disputes. The construction of environmental group event resolution mechanism is the necessary meaning of environmental friendly society construction. Based on the concept and reality analysis of environmental group events and the current situation of our country's legislative response ability, this paper attempts to explore the legal countermeasures for solving environmental group incidents in China. The main contents are as follows: the first part expounds the basic concept and characteristics of environmental group events. In this part, the basic concept of environmental group events is briefly summarized. Among them, the general concept of group events is explained from two aspects of public management and sociology, and the difference between environmental group events and general group events is derived. Secondly, it explains the nature of environmental group events from three aspects: frequent events, strong organization and intense contradictions. The second part, elaborated our country environment group event basic present situation and the development tendency. In recent years, the scale of environmental group events in China has gradually expanded, and the number of participants has gradually increased, and the general trend of transfer from central to western and urban to rural areas. Because of the popularization of network, this kind of events spread rapidly and imitated strongly, which made it more difficult for the government to take corresponding countermeasures. In addition, the causes of environmental agglomeration are the sharp aggravation of environmental pollution, the local governments' one-sided pursuit of economic benefits and the neglect of environmental problems, but citizens' environmental awareness is gradually increasing. As a result, environmental mass events erupt by a large margin. The third part, from the positive and negative aspects of the analysis of China's response to the unexpected environmental mass events in recent years, the specific countermeasures, including the legal system, system supply and so on. The fourth part analyzes the countermeasures of environmental group events in the future. Focus on the government, social citizens and civil organizations to analyze, such as the government needs to change the mode of economic development, improve the national legal environment and other aspects to deal with environmental group incidents; Enterprises or other social organizations need to further improve the environmental liability insurance system, establish a reasonable environmental damage compensation fund system, improve the mechanism of public participation in environmental protection, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.68;D631.43
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the degree of industrialization in China has been increasing, and the disadvantages of ignoring environmental protection have become more and more obvious. In recent years, many typical major environmental group events occur frequently, and environmental protection factors in modern social conflicts become increasingly prominent. It has become the focus of scholars and legislation at home and abroad to pay attention to the issue of fairness and justice in the field of environment and to guard against environmental factors becoming the new source of social conflict. Different from the general group events, the group events caused by environmental problems involve a wide range, the identity of the participants is complex, and the degree of confrontation is obviously higher than other group events. In reality, it has become a social contradiction and affected the economy. Social constraints and major political issues have led the government to deal with similar events in a way that does not apply conventional methods. An environment-friendly society is not a society without contradictions, conflicts and disputes, but one that can properly resolve conflicts, conflicts and disputes. The construction of environmental group event resolution mechanism is the necessary meaning of environmental friendly society construction. Based on the concept and reality analysis of environmental group events and the current situation of our country's legislative response ability, this paper attempts to explore the legal countermeasures for solving environmental group incidents in China. The main contents are as follows: the first part expounds the basic concept and characteristics of environmental group events. In this part, the basic concept of environmental group events is briefly summarized. Among them, the general concept of group events is explained from two aspects of public management and sociology, and the difference between environmental group events and general group events is derived. Secondly, it explains the nature of environmental group events from three aspects: frequent events, strong organization and intense contradictions. The second part, elaborated our country environment group event basic present situation and the development tendency. In recent years, the scale of environmental group events in China has gradually expanded, and the number of participants has gradually increased, and the general trend of transfer from central to western and urban to rural areas. Because of the popularization of network, this kind of events spread rapidly and imitated strongly, which made it more difficult for the government to take corresponding countermeasures. In addition, the causes of environmental agglomeration are the sharp aggravation of environmental pollution, the local governments' one-sided pursuit of economic benefits and the neglect of environmental problems, but citizens' environmental awareness is gradually increasing. As a result, environmental mass events erupt by a large margin. The third part, from the positive and negative aspects of the analysis of China's response to the unexpected environmental mass events in recent years, the specific countermeasures, including the legal system, system supply and so on. The fourth part analyzes the countermeasures of environmental group events in the future. Focus on the government, social citizens and civil organizations to analyze, such as the government needs to change the mode of economic development, improve the national legal environment and other aspects to deal with environmental group incidents; Enterprises or other social organizations need to further improve the environmental liability insurance system, establish a reasonable environmental damage compensation fund system, improve the mechanism of public participation in environmental protection, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.68;D631.43
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