有机硅行业高浓度COD条件下含锌废水处理技术研究

发布时间：2018-07-20 14:27

【摘要】：有机硅生产过程中会产生大量含高浓度有机物的重金属废水;这种具有较强毒性的废水若不经有效处理,将对生态环境和人类健康产生重大影响。本课题对有机硅生产企业产生的高浓度有机物的含锌废水进行处理研究,分别比较了“中和+微滤法”、“光催化+中和+微滤”、“电凝聚法”、“电凝聚+中和+微滤法”、“微滤+电凝+中和+微滤”对废水的处理效果,确定其中的最佳方案及其参数。通过实验研究表明:(1)“中和+微滤法”方法处理废水,pH值为10条件下,处理后废水COD从2000mg/L下降为789mg/L,去除率为60.55%;Zn2+出水浓度由40 mg/L降低至0.624mg/L,去除率为98.44%;(2)“臭氧光催化+中和+微滤”废水,控制初始pH为4,光催化2h,臭氧投加量为45mg/min。处理后,废水COD能从2000mg/L下降为531mg/L,去除率为73.45%;Zn2+浓度由40 mg/L降低至0.513mg/L,去除率为98.72%;(3)“电凝聚法”处理废水,控制电流密度为7.0 A/m2,电凝时间45min,极板间距为2cm。处理后,废水COD从2000mg/L降为454 mg/L,去除率为77.30%;Zn2+浓度由40 mg/L下降为6.081mg/L,去除率为84.80%。(4)“电凝聚+中和+微滤法”处理废水,使得出水COD由2000mg/L降低至342mg/L,去除率为82.90%;Zn2+浓度由40 mg/L降低至0.162mg/L,去除率为99.59%;(5)“微滤+电凝聚+中和+微滤法”处理废水,出水COD由2000mg/L下降至265 mg/L,去除率为86.75%;Zn2+浓度由40 mg/L下降至0.034mg/L,去除率为99.91%。通过对上述五种废水处理方案的比较,虽然“中和+微滤”、“光催化+中和+微滤”、“电凝聚+中和+微滤”、“微滤+电凝聚+中和+微滤法”都能使得出水Zn2+浓度达标,但是“中和+微滤”、“光催化+中和+微滤”处理后的COD和Zn2+浓度依然较高。“电凝聚+中和+微滤”、“微滤+电凝聚+中和+微滤法”处理的Zn2+浓度则低很多,达到99.5%以上的去除率,COD较之前的方法也有进一步降低。对于复杂多变的实际废水而言,为保证较低的Zn2+出水浓度,应选择“电凝聚+中和+微滤法”和“微滤+电凝聚+中和+微滤法”处理该类废水的最佳方式。
[Abstract]:A large number of heavy metal wastewater containing high concentrations of organic compounds will be produced in the process of organic silicon production, which will have a significant impact on the ecological environment and human health if the wastewater with strong toxicity is not effectively treated. In this paper, the treatment of zinc-containing wastewater of high concentration organic matter produced by organic silicon production enterprises was studied. The methods of neutralization microfiltration, photocatalytic neutralization and microfiltration, electrocoagulation were compared respectively. The treatment effect of "electrocoagulation neutralization microfiltration" and "microfiltration electrocoagulation neutralization microfiltration" on wastewater was determined, and the optimum scheme and its parameters were determined. The experimental results show that: (1) under the condition of pH 10, the "neutralization microfiltration" method is used to treat wastewater. The COD of treated wastewater decreased from 2000 mg / L to 789 mg / L, and the removal rate was 60.55 mg / L from 40 mg / L to 0.624 mg / L, and the removal rate was 98.44 mg / L; (2) "ozone photocatalytic neutralization and microfiltration" wastewater, controlling initial pH 4, photocatalysis 2 h, ozone dosage 45 mg / min. After treatment, COD can be reduced from 2000 mg / L to 531 mg / L, the removal rate is 73.45 mg / L from 40 mg / L to 0.513 mg / L, and the removal rate is 98.72; (3) the current density is 7.0 Am ~ (2), the electrocoagulation time is 45 min, and the plate spacing is 2 cm 路L ~ (-1). After treatment, the COD of wastewater decreased from 2000mg / L to 454 mg / L, the removal rate was 77.30mg / L, the concentration of Zn2 decreased from 40 mg / L to 6.081mg / L, and the removal rate was 84.80%. (4) the electrocoagulation neutralization microfiltration method was used to treat wastewater. The COD of effluent was reduced from 2000mg / L to 342mg / L, the removal rate was 82.90% and the concentration of Zn2 was reduced from 40 mg / L to 0.162 mg / L, and the removal rate was 99.59; (5) the "microfiltration coagulation neutralization and microfiltration process" was used to treat wastewater. The effluent COD decreased from 2000 mg / L to 265 mg / L, the removal rate was 86.75 mg / L and the concentration of Zn2 decreased from 40 mg / L to 0.034 mg / L, and the removal rate was 99.91%. Through the comparison of the five wastewater treatment schemes mentioned above, although "neutralization microfiltration", "photocatalytic neutralization microfiltration", "electrocoagulation neutralization microfiltration", The concentration of Zn2 in effluent can be up to standard by "microfiltration coagulation and neutralization microfiltration", but the COD and Zn2 concentrations are still high after "neutralizing micro-filtration" and "photocatalytic neutralization microfiltration". The concentration of Zn2 treated by "electrocoagulation neutralization microfiltration" and "microfiltration coagulation neutralization microfiltration method" is much lower, and the removal rate of COD is more than 99.5%. For the complex and changeable wastewater, in order to ensure the lower concentration of Zn2 effluent, the best way to treat this kind of wastewater should be selected, which is "electrocoagulation neutralization microfiltration method" and "microfiltration coagulation neutralization microfiltration method".
【学位授予单位】：南昌航空大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X783

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