民航飞机起飞过程气态污染物排放特征分析

发布时间：2018-07-23 14:47

【摘要】：民航飞机在起飞过程中发动机推力高、耗油量大,并且飞行高度低,由其排放的污染物对局地空气质量和人体健康存在较大影响.选择B737-800作为典型机型,通过对飞机性能参数的模拟,精确计算了其在全推力和减推力等多种方式下起飞离场爬升至1 000 m高度过程中NO_x、CO、HC和SO_2的排放量,并与ICAO基准模型估算结果进行对比.结果表明,NO_x是排放量最大的污染物.其中,全推力起飞过程4种污染物的排放量分别为4.849、0.062、0.031和0.229 kg.减推力起飞方式下,选择更高的灵活温度后,NO_x和CO排放量分别降低和升高,HC和SO2排放量变化不大.经过对比发现,ICAO的基准排放模型,对4种污染物的估算结果存在较大偏差.与机动车相比,单次全推力起飞过程与一辆小客车行驶9 508 km的NO_x排放量相当.精确计算方法为准确估算机场区域飞机污染排放清单提供基础.
[Abstract]:Civil aviation aircraft has high thrust, high fuel consumption and low flight height during take-off. The pollutants emitted by the aircraft have a great impact on local air quality and human health. B737-800 is selected as a typical model. By simulating the performance parameters of the aircraft, the emissions of NOXCOHC and SO_2 during takeoff and climb to 1 000 m altitude are accurately calculated in various ways, such as full thrust and reduced thrust, etc. The results are compared with the results of ICAO benchmark model. The results showed that no _ x was the largest emission pollutant. The emission of the four pollutants during the full thrust take-off is 4.849% 0.062% 0.031 and 0.229 kg respectively. Under the reduced thrust take-off mode, the emission of NOX and CO decreased and increased, respectively, and the emission of HC and SO2 did not change much after choosing a higher flexible temperature. It is found that there is a big deviation in the estimation results of the four pollutants in ICAO's baseline emission model. Compared with the motor vehicle, the single full thrust take-off process is equivalent to the NO_x emission of a passenger car running at 9 508 km. The accurate calculation method provides the basis for the accurate estimation of the aircraft pollution emission inventory in the airport area.
【作者单位】：中国民航大学空中交通管理学院天津市空管运行规划与安全技术重点实验室;南开大学环境科学与工程学院国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(21407174) 天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划项目(14JCQNJC08100) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(3122016A012,ZXH2012C003,3122016D025) 中国民航大学科研启动基金项目(2012QD03X)
【分类号】：X738

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