基于燃煤烟气污染物深度处理的电厂系统生命周期评价

发布时间：2018-07-24 18:48

【摘要】：利用生命周期评价(life cycle assessment,LCA)方法分析燃煤烟气污染物深度处理下的超超临界(ultra-super critical,USC)典型发电厂系统不同生产子过程的环境影响。建立清单时,将污染物排放追溯到直接排放的子过程中,而输入负数表示各烟气处理单元污染物的去除。分别应用Eco-indicator 99和IPCC GWP 100a方法评价系统的环境综合影响和气候变化影响。结果表明,电厂对环境影响最大的为气候变化,温室气体(greenhouse gas,GHG)排放因子为0.786 kg CO_2-eq×(kWh)~(-1),其中99.9%来自燃煤的直接排放。烟气处理单元的脱硝装置、除尘装置和脱硫装置分别减少电厂对环境3.5%、83.0%和6.5%的综合损害作用,但对气候变化仅有少量的损害影响。敏感性分析表明厂用电和煤耗与评价结果基本呈正比关系,且两者敏感性相当。烟气处理单元对LCA结果呈现负相关的影响,一般处理下的3个烟气处理单元分别高出深度处理效率下的烟气处理单元19.5%、3.7%和7.1%的环境影响。案例电厂不仅在环境方面具有竞争性,而且在经济成本方面也具有一定优势。
[Abstract]:The environmental impact of different production sub-processes in a typical ultra-super critical USC power plant system under advanced treatment of pollutants from coal-fired flue gas was analyzed by using the (life cycle assessments-LCA method. When the inventory is established, the emission of pollutants is traced back to the sub-process of direct discharge, and the negative number of input represents the removal of pollutants from each flue gas treatment unit. The methods of Eco-indicator 99 and IPCC GWP 100a were applied to evaluate the comprehensive environmental impact and climate change impact of the system. The results show that the greatest impact on the environment of the power plant is climate change. The emission factor of greenhouse gas is 0.786 kg CO_2-eq 脳 (kWh) ~ (-1), of which 99.9% comes from the direct emission from coal combustion. The denitrification unit of flue gas treatment unit, the dedusting device and the desulphurization unit can reduce the comprehensive damage to the environment by 83.0% and 6.5% respectively, but only a little damage to the climate change. Sensitivity analysis shows that the power consumption and coal consumption are proportional to the evaluation results, and the sensitivity of the two is the same. The effect of flue gas treatment unit on LCA results was negatively correlated. The three flue gas treatment units under general treatment were higher than those with advanced treatment efficiency by 19.5g% and 7.1% respectively. Case power plants are not only competitive in environment, but also have certain advantages in economic cost.
【作者单位】：浙江大学环境工程研究所;浙江大学工业生态与环境研究所;浙江省环境监测中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(21476203)
【分类号】：X82

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