主要部门污染物控制政策的温室气体协同效果分析与评价
发布时间：2018-07-25 17:49
【摘要】：工程减排、结构减排和监督管理减排是实现我国污染物减排的三个主要措施,近年来我国SO2的排放呈现出下降的态势,本文选取电力、钢铁和水泥这3个重要行业,测算了在"十一五"以来SO2的减排效果,以及由其带来CO2减排的协同效果。结果显示,"十一五"期间,3个主要行业减少污染物排放超过1 000万t,其中工程减少污染物排放超过700万t,结构减少污染物排放300万t。由此带来的协同效果显示,由于结构减排带来了超过7亿t CO2的减排,而由于工程效应减少污染物的同时带来的CO2增加500万t,因此总计带来7-8亿t CO2的减排。而"十二五"前两年减少污染物排放400万t,其中工程减少污染物排放350万t,结构污染物排放减少了40万t。由此带来的协同效果显示,由于结构减排减少了CO2排放1.74亿t,而由于工程效应减少污染物的同时带来的CO2的增加量为200万t,因此总计带来1.72亿t CO2的减排。结构减排和工程减排两种措施可以在行业内实现降低污染物的排放,但是其贡献程度由于行业的差异有所不同。"十一五"期间电力行业较多是依靠工程减排实现SO2排放的降低,而水泥和钢铁行业则更多是依靠行政命令如关停落后产能和机组实现污染物的减排,显示出电力行业通过技术实现污染物的减排,而其他两个行业则主要靠调整结构来实现减排。电力行业中的末端治理技术即工程减排贡献了大部分的污染物减排,但是与此同时由于末端治理技术会导致能源消耗的增加,即引起CO2排放的增加,因此污染物的协同控制效果较差,而钢铁和水泥行业的污染物减排则由于更多是通过结构调整的手段,如关停落后产能和机组,因此其协同效果较为显著。"十三五"期间,需要继续控制双高产业的发展,强化"前端"污染物控制减排,夯实结构减排的协同成效,加大工程减排的实施,缩小减排工程能力和实际减排效果的差距,实现"末端"污染物减排,加强"前端"审批和"中段"运行管理效果。
[Abstract]:Engineering emission reduction, structural emission reduction and supervision and management emission reduction are the three main measures to achieve emission reduction of pollutants in China. In recent years, the emission of SO2 in China has shown a declining trend. This paper selects three important industries of electricity, iron and steel and cement. The effect of SO2 emission reduction and its synergistic effect on CO2 emission reduction since the eleventh five-year plan were calculated. The results showed that during the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the emission of pollutants in the three major industries was reduced by more than 10 million tons, in which the emission of pollutants was reduced by more than 7 million t in engineering and 3 million t in structure. The synergistic effect shows that structural emission reduction results in more than 700m t CO2 emission reduction, while engineering effect reduces pollutants and increases CO2 by 5 million tons, resulting in a total of 780m t CO2 emission reduction. In the first two years of the "12th Five-Year Plan", the emission of pollutants was reduced by 4 million tons, of which the project reduced the emission of pollutants by 3.5 million tons, and the emission of structural pollutants decreased by 400000 tons. The synergistic effect shows that the structural emission reduction reduces CO2 emission by 174 million t, while the increase of CO2 due to engineering effect is 2 million t, so it brings 172 million t CO2 emission reduction. Structural emission reduction and engineering emission reduction can reduce pollutant emissions within the industry, but their contribution varies from industry to industry. " During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the power industry mostly relies on engineering emission reduction to achieve the reduction of SO2 emissions, while the cement and steel industries rely more on executive orders such as shutting down backward production capacity and generating units to achieve pollutant emission reduction. It shows that the power industry uses technology to reduce emissions of pollutants, while the other two industries mainly rely on restructuring to achieve emissions reduction. The end treatment technology in power industry, that is, engineering emission reduction, contributes to the emission reduction of most pollutants, but at the same time, the end treatment technology will lead to the increase of energy consumption, that is, the increase of CO2 emissions. As a result, the synergistic control effect of pollutants is poor, while the emission reduction of pollutants in steel and cement industry is more remarkable because of the structural adjustment, such as shutting down backward production capacity and generating units. " During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, it is necessary to continue to control the development of double-high industries, strengthen the "front-end" pollutant control and emission reduction, consolidate the coordinated effect of structural emission reduction, increase the implementation of emission reduction in projects, and narrow the gap between the capacity of the project and the actual emission reduction effect. To achieve "end" pollutant emission reduction, to strengthen the "front end" approval and "middle section" operation management.
【作者单位】： 清华大学能源环境经济研究所;环境保护部环境与经济政策研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“节能政策的节水协同效益评价方法研究”(编号:71203120) 国家科技部“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“国际应对气候变化中行业减排与市场机制中关键问题的支撑技术研究”(编号:2012BAC20B03)
【分类号】：X321
，
本文编号：2144571
[Abstract]:Engineering emission reduction, structural emission reduction and supervision and management emission reduction are the three main measures to achieve emission reduction of pollutants in China. In recent years, the emission of SO2 in China has shown a declining trend. This paper selects three important industries of electricity, iron and steel and cement. The effect of SO2 emission reduction and its synergistic effect on CO2 emission reduction since the eleventh five-year plan were calculated. The results showed that during the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the emission of pollutants in the three major industries was reduced by more than 10 million tons, in which the emission of pollutants was reduced by more than 7 million t in engineering and 3 million t in structure. The synergistic effect shows that structural emission reduction results in more than 700m t CO2 emission reduction, while engineering effect reduces pollutants and increases CO2 by 5 million tons, resulting in a total of 780m t CO2 emission reduction. In the first two years of the "12th Five-Year Plan", the emission of pollutants was reduced by 4 million tons, of which the project reduced the emission of pollutants by 3.5 million tons, and the emission of structural pollutants decreased by 400000 tons. The synergistic effect shows that the structural emission reduction reduces CO2 emission by 174 million t, while the increase of CO2 due to engineering effect is 2 million t, so it brings 172 million t CO2 emission reduction. Structural emission reduction and engineering emission reduction can reduce pollutant emissions within the industry, but their contribution varies from industry to industry. " During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the power industry mostly relies on engineering emission reduction to achieve the reduction of SO2 emissions, while the cement and steel industries rely more on executive orders such as shutting down backward production capacity and generating units to achieve pollutant emission reduction. It shows that the power industry uses technology to reduce emissions of pollutants, while the other two industries mainly rely on restructuring to achieve emissions reduction. The end treatment technology in power industry, that is, engineering emission reduction, contributes to the emission reduction of most pollutants, but at the same time, the end treatment technology will lead to the increase of energy consumption, that is, the increase of CO2 emissions. As a result, the synergistic control effect of pollutants is poor, while the emission reduction of pollutants in steel and cement industry is more remarkable because of the structural adjustment, such as shutting down backward production capacity and generating units. " During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, it is necessary to continue to control the development of double-high industries, strengthen the "front-end" pollutant control and emission reduction, consolidate the coordinated effect of structural emission reduction, increase the implementation of emission reduction in projects, and narrow the gap between the capacity of the project and the actual emission reduction effect. To achieve "end" pollutant emission reduction, to strengthen the "front end" approval and "middle section" operation management.
【作者单位】： 清华大学能源环境经济研究所;环境保护部环境与经济政策研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“节能政策的节水协同效益评价方法研究”(编号:71203120) 国家科技部“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“国际应对气候变化中行业减排与市场机制中关键问题的支撑技术研究”(编号:2012BAC20B03)
【分类号】：X321
，
本文编号：2144571
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