毛皮加工废水厌氧好氧工艺优化及参数研究
发布时间：2018-07-26 12:56
【摘要】：近年来,我国毛皮工业蓬勃发展,而毛皮生产过程中所产生的废水因其水量大、有机物含量大、盐度大和色度高,导致处理难度大,难以到达国家新出台的《制革及毛皮加工工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 30486-2013)所规定的排放要求。随着节能减排和可持续发展的要求,浙江省对毛皮加工行业提出了整治提升方案,要求企业严格执行排放标准,并且重复用水率不得低于40%。目前当地很多毛皮加工企业达不到整治标准而被关停。不提升传统废水处理工艺,毛皮加工废水达标排放和中水回用的目标就难以实现。本文结合浙江某皮草有限公司污水站改建工程,采用强化厌氧-好氧活性污泥工艺。对该企业生产废水的处理现状及普遍存在的问题进行调查,通过厌氧-好氧工艺小试确定工艺对各水质指标的去除效果,并对工艺运行控制参数进行了优化研究。研究得出以下结论:(1)毛皮加工流程复杂,各工段出水水质变化大,导致毛皮生产废水的排放具有水量不稳定和水质波动大的特性,废水CODCr浓度高(1300~3500mg/L)、氨氮浓度高(90~196 mg/L)、中性盐含量高(Clˉ浓度4539~8672 mg/L)色度高(200~500倍)。现在该企业采用的加药-好氧活性污泥工艺难以保证出水水质达标。(2)在实验室进行序批式厌氧-好氧(SAOBR)工艺处理毛皮染色废水,系统确定厌氧-好氧工艺参数为:厌氧池水力停留时间(HRT)22 h,此时废水可生化性最高BOD5/CODcr最高。好氧池HRT 10 h,CODCr去除率达到最大。实验所用活性污泥取自城市污水处理站,分别进行厌氧和好氧的驯化培养。经过一周左右的启动期后开始稳定运行,出水CODCr降至100mg/L氨氮降至5mg/L以下,色度降至10倍以下。根据实验室的SAOBR工艺参数表明厌氧-好氧工艺应用于毛皮生产废水处理具有可行性。(3)在企业污水站,进行连续流式厌氧-好氧(A/O)工艺处理某毛皮企业生产废水的小试。确定连续流式厌氧-好氧工艺处理毛皮综合废水的参数:厌氧和好氧的水力停留时间都为1.5 d。此时系统达到最优化的状态,CODCr、氨氮和色度的去除率都稳定在92%以上。微生物群落结构稳定,活性污泥中的原生动物丰富,出水水质达到排放标准。表明强化A/O工艺处理大流量、水质水量波动性大的毛皮废水具有可操作性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the fur industry in our country has developed vigorously, but the wastewater produced in the fur production process is difficult to treat because of its large amount of water, high content of organic matter, high salinity and high chroma. It is difficult to meet the emission requirements stipulated by the new National Standard for discharge of Water pollutants in Tannery and Fur processing Industry (GB 30486-2013). With the requirements of energy saving and sustainable development, Zhejiang Province has put forward a plan to improve the fur processing industry, requiring enterprises to strictly implement the emission standards, and the reuse water rate should not be less than 40%. At present, many local fur processing enterprises can not meet the regulation standards and were shut down. Without improving the traditional wastewater treatment process, it is difficult to achieve the goal of discharge and reuse of reclaimed water from fur processing wastewater. In this paper, an enhanced anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process was adopted in connection with the reconstruction project of a waste water station of Zhejiang Leather Co., Ltd. The present situation and common problems of wastewater treatment in this enterprise were investigated. The removal effect of each water quality index was determined by the small scale test of anaerobic aerobic process, and the control parameters of process operation were optimized. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the process of fur processing is complex and the effluent quality of each section changes greatly, which results in the discharge of fur production wastewater has the characteristics of unstable quantity of water and large fluctuation of water quality. The wastewater has a high concentration of CODCr (1300~3500mg/L), a high concentration of ammonia nitrogen (90 ~ 196 mg/L) and a high content of neutral salt (4539 ~ 8672 mg/L). It is difficult to ensure that the effluent quality can be up to standard by using the dose-aerobic activated sludge process. (2) the sequential batch anaerobic aerobic (SAOBR) process is used to treat the fur dyeing wastewater. The anaerobic aerobic process parameters were determined as follows: the water retention time of anaerobic pool was (HRT) 22 h, and the highest biodegradability of wastewater was BOD5/CODcr. The removal rate of COD Cr in aerobic tank HRT 10 h was the highest. The activated sludge was collected from the municipal sewage treatment station for anaerobic and aerobic acclimation. After about a week of start-up, the effluent CODCr decreased to 100mg/L ammonia nitrogen below 5mg/L, and the chroma decreased to less than 10 times. According to the SAOBR process parameters in the laboratory, it is feasible to apply the anaerobic aerobic process to the treatment of fur production wastewater. (3) A / O continuous flow anaerobic aerobic (A- / O) process is used to treat the wastewater from a fur plant. The parameters of continuous flow anaerobic-aerobic process for the treatment of fur synthetic wastewater were determined. The HRT of both anaerobic and aerobic wastewater was 1.5 days. At this time, the optimal state of CODCr, ammonia nitrogen and chromaticity removal rate are above 92%. The microbial community structure is stable, the protozoa in activated sludge is abundant, and the effluent quality is up to the discharge standard. The results show that the treatment of fur wastewater with large flow rate and high water quality and quantity fluctuation by enhanced A- O process is feasible.
【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X794
本文编号：2146083
[Abstract]:In recent years, the fur industry in our country has developed vigorously, but the wastewater produced in the fur production process is difficult to treat because of its large amount of water, high content of organic matter, high salinity and high chroma. It is difficult to meet the emission requirements stipulated by the new National Standard for discharge of Water pollutants in Tannery and Fur processing Industry (GB 30486-2013). With the requirements of energy saving and sustainable development, Zhejiang Province has put forward a plan to improve the fur processing industry, requiring enterprises to strictly implement the emission standards, and the reuse water rate should not be less than 40%. At present, many local fur processing enterprises can not meet the regulation standards and were shut down. Without improving the traditional wastewater treatment process, it is difficult to achieve the goal of discharge and reuse of reclaimed water from fur processing wastewater. In this paper, an enhanced anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process was adopted in connection with the reconstruction project of a waste water station of Zhejiang Leather Co., Ltd. The present situation and common problems of wastewater treatment in this enterprise were investigated. The removal effect of each water quality index was determined by the small scale test of anaerobic aerobic process, and the control parameters of process operation were optimized. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the process of fur processing is complex and the effluent quality of each section changes greatly, which results in the discharge of fur production wastewater has the characteristics of unstable quantity of water and large fluctuation of water quality. The wastewater has a high concentration of CODCr (1300~3500mg/L), a high concentration of ammonia nitrogen (90 ~ 196 mg/L) and a high content of neutral salt (4539 ~ 8672 mg/L). It is difficult to ensure that the effluent quality can be up to standard by using the dose-aerobic activated sludge process. (2) the sequential batch anaerobic aerobic (SAOBR) process is used to treat the fur dyeing wastewater. The anaerobic aerobic process parameters were determined as follows: the water retention time of anaerobic pool was (HRT) 22 h, and the highest biodegradability of wastewater was BOD5/CODcr. The removal rate of COD Cr in aerobic tank HRT 10 h was the highest. The activated sludge was collected from the municipal sewage treatment station for anaerobic and aerobic acclimation. After about a week of start-up, the effluent CODCr decreased to 100mg/L ammonia nitrogen below 5mg/L, and the chroma decreased to less than 10 times. According to the SAOBR process parameters in the laboratory, it is feasible to apply the anaerobic aerobic process to the treatment of fur production wastewater. (3) A / O continuous flow anaerobic aerobic (A- / O) process is used to treat the wastewater from a fur plant. The parameters of continuous flow anaerobic-aerobic process for the treatment of fur synthetic wastewater were determined. The HRT of both anaerobic and aerobic wastewater was 1.5 days. At this time, the optimal state of CODCr, ammonia nitrogen and chromaticity removal rate are above 92%. The microbial community structure is stable, the protozoa in activated sludge is abundant, and the effluent quality is up to the discharge standard. The results show that the treatment of fur wastewater with large flow rate and high water quality and quantity fluctuation by enhanced A- O process is feasible.
【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X794
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