垃圾渗滤液中腐殖酸对厌氧颗粒污泥的影响

发布时间：2018-07-27 16:13

【摘要】：厌氧生物处理作为渗滤液的主要处理技术之一被广泛应用,厌氧颗粒污泥是处理效果好坏的关键。腐殖酸(Humic acid,简称HA)是渗滤液难降解有机物的主要组成部分,其含量会随填埋时间的增加而大幅度增加。针对渗滤液中HA对厌氧颗粒污泥的影响,本论文分别在模拟水质和渗滤液条件下,通过自制厌氧反应系统,考察HA的厌氧降解特性,研究厌氧生物处理垃圾渗滤液中不同浓度HA对颗粒污泥产甲烷活性和污泥颗粒形态结构的影响,为渗滤液的厌氧生物处理提供参考依据。试验得出HA对厌氧颗粒污泥的影响并不明显,其主要结论如下：(1)HA厌氧可生物降解性研究结果表明,作为一种难降解有机物,HA在厌氧反应过程中也较难被微生物分解利用；HA的存在及其浓度的改变对颗粒污泥并没有明显的生物毒性抑制作用,相反,由于HA对污泥颗粒形态有一定的保持作用,会延缓颗粒污泥的解絮和分解,在渗滤液中时,能提高颗粒污泥对渗滤液中有机物的分解利用率。(2)HA对厌氧颗粒污泥产甲烷活性影响结果表明,HA的存在及其浓度的大小对颗粒污泥累积产甲烷总量和厌氧产甲烷过程影响均不明显,且在充分反应的前提下,累积产甲烷总量并不能反映出毒性物质对颗粒污泥产甲烷活性的抑制；渗滤液中有毒有害物质对颗粒污泥的厌氧产甲烷过程产生了明显的抑制,停留时间20h,无渗滤液组别颗粒污泥的累积产甲烷量可达最大累积产甲烷量的75%左右,而渗滤液组别的仅为25%左右,表明厌氧生物处理垃圾渗滤液时,需要足够的停留时间才能保证较好的处理效果；对比污泥SMA可以得出,HA对颗粒污泥产甲烷活性有一定的促进作用,无缓冲剂时,污泥SMA值平均升高了19.2%,投加缓冲剂时,污泥SMA值平均升高了5.4%,但在渗滤液条件下,渗滤液中的毒性物质对颗粒污泥的毒害作用远大于HA的促进作用,颗粒污泥SMA值平均下降了27.6%。(3)HA对污泥颗粒形态结构的影响结果表明,与接种污泥相比,试验后颗粒污泥外形结构并未发生明显变化,但污泥表面及内部微生物量明显增多,污泥表面微生物以球菌为主,内部微生物以丝状菌为主；无缓冲剂时,HA的存在对颗粒污泥外形结构无明显影响,但使污泥颗粒表面和内部微生物种类及数量均高于对照瓶；投加缓冲剂时,HA对颗粒污泥形态结构及生物组成影响不明显；渗滤液条件时,由于水质的复杂性,颗粒污泥表面和内部孔洞结构减少,但HA对颗粒污泥形态结构及微生物组成影响不明显。
[Abstract]:Anaerobic biological treatment as one of the main leachate treatment technology is widely used, anaerobic granular sludge is the key to the treatment effect. Humic acid (Humic acid, (HA) is the main component of refractory organic matter in leachate, and its content will increase greatly with the increase of landfill time. In view of the effect of HA in leachate on anaerobic granular sludge, the anaerobic degradation characteristics of HA were investigated by self-made anaerobic reaction system under simulated water quality and leachate condition, respectively. The effects of different concentrations of HA in landfill leachate on the methanogenic activity of granular sludge and the morphology of granular sludge were studied in order to provide reference for anaerobic biological treatment of landfill leachate. The results showed that the effect of HA on anaerobic granular sludge was not obvious. The main conclusions were as follows: (1) the study on the anaerobic biodegradability of HA showed that it was difficult to be decomposed by microorganisms during anaerobic reaction as a kind of refractory organic matter. The presence and concentration of HA had no obvious inhibitory effect on the biotoxicity of granular sludge. On the contrary, because HA could maintain the morphology of granular sludge, it would delay the decomposition and decomposition of granular sludge. (2) the effect of HA on methanogenic activity of anaerobic granular sludge shows that the presence of HA and its concentration influence the cumulative methanogenesis and anaerobic methanogenesis of granular sludge. The effect of process was not obvious. On the premise of sufficient reaction, the cumulative total amount of methane production could not reflect the inhibition of methanogenic activity of granular sludge by toxic substances, and the toxic and harmful substances in leachate significantly inhibited the anaerobic methanogenesis process of granular sludge. When the retention time is 20 hours, the cumulative methanogenic capacity of granular sludge in non-leachate group can reach about 75% of the maximum cumulative methanogenic capacity, while that in leachate group is only about 25%, which indicates that anaerobic biological treatment of landfill leachate, Compared with the sludge SMA, it can be concluded that the HA can promote the methanogenic activity of granular sludge to some extent. When there is no buffer, the SMA value of sludge increases by 19.2g on average, and when the buffer is added, The average SMA value of sludge increased by 5.4, but under the condition of leachate, the toxic substance in leachate was much more toxic to granular sludge than that of HA, and the SMA value of granular sludge decreased 27.60.The results showed that the effect of HA on the morphology and structure of granular sludge was higher than that of HA. Compared with the inoculated sludge, the shape and structure of granular sludge did not change obviously, but the surface and internal microbial biomass of the sludge increased obviously. The microbes on the surface of sludge were mainly cocci and filamentous bacteria. The presence of HA had no obvious effect on the shape and structure of granular sludge, but made the species and quantity of microorganism on the surface and inside of granular sludge higher than that of the control bottle, and the effect of HA on the morphology and biological composition of granular sludge was not obvious when the buffer was added. Under the condition of leachate, the surface and internal pore structure of granular sludge decreased due to the complexity of water quality, but the effect of HA on the morphology and microbial composition of granular sludge was not obvious.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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