基于BIM的拟拆除建筑垃圾决策管理系统研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 09:39

【摘要】：在过去的几十年中,关于如何减少建筑垃圾排放量的理论研究已经逐渐成熟,然而在现实生活中,以我国为例,绝大部分建筑垃圾未经任何处理便被施工单位运往郊外或乡村,采用露天堆放或填埋的方式进行处理。建筑垃圾大多由不可再生资源构成,若不加以回收利用,不仅会造成资源浪费,还会造成环境污染。BIM模型集成了大量的建筑信息,在建筑拆除过程具有非常大的潜在运用价值,如建筑垃圾种类、工程量预估等。论文的研究目的是构建一个基于BIM技术的、适用于建筑拆除工程的建筑垃圾决策管理系统。利用该决策管理系统能够对建筑垃圾进行高效管理,提高建筑垃圾回收利用率,降低建筑垃圾处置成本,减少建筑垃圾对环境的污染,实现可持续发展。论文首先对研究对象和范围进行了界定,针对论文中涉及到的建筑垃圾管理、BIM技术以及决策管理系统等方面内容,就相关文献进行仔细的阅读、分析。针对我国建筑拆除现状分析中存在的建筑垃圾管理困难的现象,提出了建立基于BIM技术的建筑垃圾决策管理系统的构想。通过对IFC数据模型结构、内容以及表示方法的分析研究表明:利用IFC数据模型以及数据库开发技术,能够实现建筑垃圾基本信息的分类表达。通过对决策管理系统的基础性技术需求和应用性技术需求分析,论文提出了利用BIM技术中的IFC标准化数据交换格式,实现建筑信息的无缝传递。BIM技术的运用,实现了在建筑拆除阶段与设计、运维模型共享同一数据源的功能,省去了大量建筑垃圾种类和排放量预估的工作,同时也减少了误差,提高了管理决策效率。在BIM技术、Microsoft Access数据库、VBA编程语言以及SQL数据库查询语言的基础上,论文对建筑垃圾决策管理系统进行了开发设计。最后,论文运用案例对建筑垃圾决策管理系统进行了示范应用,应用结果表明:建筑垃圾决策管理系统打通了建筑垃圾管理各个环节的信息通道,提高了建筑垃圾回收利用的效率。将BIM技术与数据库开发技术结合起来,将BIM技术从建筑设计建造阶段延伸运用至建筑拆除阶段,提升了BIM建筑信息模型的利用率,提高了建筑垃圾管理决策的准确性和高效性,同时也降低了建筑拆除过程中建筑垃圾管理的工作难度。
[Abstract]:In the past few decades, the theoretical research on how to reduce construction waste emissions has gradually matured. However, in real life, taking our country as an example, the vast majority of construction waste is transported to the suburbs or villages without any treatment. Open-air stacking or landfills are used for treatment. Construction waste is mostly composed of non-renewable resources. If it is not recycled, it will not only cause waste of resources, but also cause environmental pollution. BIM model integrates a large amount of building information, which has great potential application value in the process of building demolition. Such as the type of construction waste, the estimated amount of work, and so on. The purpose of this paper is to construct a construction waste decision management system based on BIM technology, which is suitable for construction demolition engineering. This decision management system can efficiently manage construction waste, improve the recovery and utilization rate of construction waste, reduce the cost of construction waste disposal, reduce the pollution of construction waste to the environment, and realize sustainable development. Firstly, the research object and scope are defined, and the related documents are carefully read and analyzed according to the BIM technology of construction waste management and the decision management system. In view of the difficulty of building waste management in the analysis of the current situation of construction demolition in China, the conception of building waste decision management system based on BIM technology is put forward. By analyzing the structure, content and representation of IFC data model, it is shown that the classification and expression of basic information of construction waste can be realized by using IFC data model and database development technology. Based on the analysis of the basic and applied technical requirements of the DMS, the paper puts forward the application of the IFC standardized data exchange format in the BIM technology to realize the seamless transfer of the building information. The function of sharing the same data source between operation and maintenance model is realized in the stage of building demolition and design, which saves a large number of construction waste types and emissions estimation, and also reduces the error and improves the efficiency of management decision. On the basis of BIM technology, Access database and SQL database query language, the paper develops and designs the decision management system of construction waste. Finally, the paper uses the case to demonstrate the application of the construction waste decision management system. The application results show that the construction waste decision management system has opened the information channel of every link of the construction waste management. The efficiency of recycling construction waste is improved. Combining BIM technology with database development technology and extending BIM technology from architectural design and construction stage to building demolition stage, the utilization ratio of BIM building information model is improved, and the accuracy and efficiency of construction waste management decision are improved. At the same time, it also reduces the difficulty of building waste management in the process of building demolition.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU17;X799.1

【相似文献】