茉莉酸和赤霉素在水稻幼苗响应镉毒害中的调控作用
发布时间：2018-08-01 09:05
【摘要】：水稻是我国最重要的粮食作物,在人民的日常生活和整个国民经济中发挥着十分重要的作用。重金属镉污染不但会影响水稻的生长发育以及稻米的品质,而且还可以通过食物链传递而最终危害人类的生命健康。研究镉毒害对水稻生长发育影响的机理意义重大,但目前镉对水稻的毒害机理仍不清楚。本实验以在我国广泛种植的籼稻品种9311作为实验材料,研究了镉毒害对水稻幼苗生长的影响以及茉莉酸和赤霉素在水稻幼苗响应镉毒害中的调控作用机理。主要的实验结果如下:1.镉毒害抑制水稻幼苗生长。用不同镉浓度(0、0.625、1.25、2.5、5、10μM)的Cd Cl2处理水稻幼苗4天后的实验结果表明:低浓度的镉(0.625μM)对水稻幼苗种子根伸长生长的抑制作用已达显著水平(P0.05),而低浓度的镉(0.625μM)对水稻幼苗地上部分伸长生长的抑制作用不显著(P0.05)。随着镉处理浓度的增加,镉对水稻幼苗种子根和地上部分伸长生长的抑制作用越来越明显;镉毒害能显著降低水稻幼苗根系和地上部分鲜重,且随着镉处理浓度的升高而增强;镉毒害对水稻幼苗根系生长的抑制效应大于对地上部分生长的抑制效应,导致镉毒害水稻幼苗根冠比下降。2.镉毒害诱导水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸含量增加,进而降低水稻幼苗根系活力、使水稻幼苗根系对镉的吸收增加、抑制水稻幼苗根系生长。10μM Cd Cl2处理水稻幼苗的结果表明:镉毒害诱导水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸合成相关基因表达,促进水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸含量升高;镉毒害促进细胞膜中的磷脂水解酶相关基因--磷脂酶D基因的表达,使根系细胞膜结构遭到破坏,细胞膜透性增加,根系活力降低;镉毒害促进水稻幼苗根系镉吸收相关基因的表达,使根系对镉的吸收增加;镉毒害抑制水稻幼苗根系细胞分裂和细胞伸长相关基因的表达,抑制根系生长。而添加浓度为7.5μM的茉莉酸合成抑制剂IBU后,镉毒害水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸的合成过程被抑制,根系茉莉酸含量降低;镉毒害对水稻幼苗根系磷脂酶D基因表达的促进作用减弱,根系活力增加;镉毒害对水稻幼苗根系镉根镉吸收相关基因表达的促进作用减弱,根系对镉的吸收减少;镉毒害对水稻幼苗根系细胞分裂和细胞伸长相关基因的表达的抑制作用减弱,根系生长的抑制作用被缓解。上述结果表明,镉毒害降低水稻幼苗根系活力、使水稻幼苗根系对镉的吸收增加以及抑制水稻幼苗根系生长的过程均与镉毒害诱导水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸含量升高有关,镉毒害诱导水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸含量升高,进而降低水稻幼苗根系活力、使水稻幼苗根系对镉的吸收增加、抑制水稻幼苗根系生长。3.镉毒害促进赤霉素钝化基因的表达,抑制水稻幼苗地上部分生长。镉毒害能显著促进水稻第二叶中赤霉素钝化基因(Os GA2ox1、Os GA2ox6、Os GA2ox8、Os GA2ox9)的表达。镉毒害可能通过增强水稻体内有活性的赤霉素向非活性赤霉素的转变,进而抑制水稻幼苗第二叶的生长。外源喷施浓度为10μM的GA3能显著缓解镉对水稻幼苗地上部分生长的抑制作用,包括对第一叶、第二叶以及株高抑制的缓解。外源喷施GA3促进水稻幼苗地上部分生长,降低了水稻幼苗地上部分单位质量镉的含量,缓解了镉对水稻幼苗地上部分生长的毒害。
[Abstract]:Rice is the most important grain crop in our country. It plays a very important role in the daily life of the people and the whole national economy. Heavy metal cadmium pollution not only affects the growth and development of rice and the quality of rice, but also can be passed through the food chain to endanger the life and health of human beings. The mechanism of development influence is of great significance, but the toxic mechanism of cadmium to rice is still unclear. In this experiment, the effects of cadmium toxicity on the growth of rice seedlings and the mechanism of the regulation of jasmonic acid and Gibberellin on the response of rice seedlings to cadmium toxicity were studied in this experiment, which was widely cultivated in China. The main experiment was the mechanism of the regulation of jasmonic acid and Gibberellin on the response to cadmium toxicity in rice seedlings. 9311 The results were as follows: 1. cadmium toxicity inhibited the growth of rice seedlings. The experimental results of 4 days after the treatment of rice seedlings with Cd Cl2 of different cadmium concentrations (0,0.625,1.25,2.5,5,10 mu M) showed that the inhibitory effect of low concentration of cadmium (0.625 mu M) on the growth of root elongation of rice seedlings had reached significant level (P0.05), while low concentration of cadmium (0.625 mu M) was applied to rice seedlings. The inhibitory effect of the upper elongation growth was not significant (P0.05). With the increase of cadmium concentration, the inhibitory effect of cadmium on the growth of root and aboveground part of rice seedlings became more and more obvious; cadmium toxicity could significantly reduce the fresh weight of root and ground part of rice seedlings, and increased with the increase of cadmium concentration; cadmium toxicity to rice young. The inhibitory effect of the growth of seedling root system was greater than the inhibition effect on the growth of the upper part of the ground, which led to the increase of the root and crown ratio of the root and crown of the rice seedlings with cadmium toxicity induced by.2., and then the root activity of rice seedlings was reduced, the root growth of rice seedlings was added to the roots of rice seedlings, and the root growth of rice seedlings was.10 M Cd Cl2. The results of rice seedling showed that cadmium toxicity induced the expression of jasmonic acid synthesis related genes in root of rice seedlings, promoted the increase of jasmonic acid content in root of rice seedlings, and cadmium toxicity promoted the expression of phospholipase related gene, phospholipase D gene in the membrane of the cell membrane, which resulted in the destruction of the membrane structure of the root system, the increase of cell membrane permeability and the root activity. Cadmium toxicity promoted the expression of Cd absorption related genes and increased the absorption of cadmium in root system of rice seedlings. Cadmium toxicity inhibited the cell division of rice seedlings and the expression of cell elongation related genes and inhibited root growth. The cadmium toxicity of jasmine seedlings in rice seedlings was poisoned by the addition of jasmonic acid synthase inhibitor IBU with a concentration of 7.5 mu M. The synthesis process of acid was inhibited and the content of jasmonic acid in root was reduced, and the promotion effect of cadmium toxicity on the expression of phospholipase D gene in rice seedling root was weakened and the activity of root was increased. The promotion of cadmium toxicity on Cd uptake related gene expression of rice seedlings was weakened and the absorption of cadmium in root system decreased. The inhibition of the expression of division and cell elongation related genes was weakened, and the inhibitory effect of root growth was alleviated. The results showed that cadmium toxicity reduced the root activity of rice seedlings, increased the absorption of cadmium in rice seedlings and inhibited the growth of rice seedlings, and the effects of cadmium toxicity on the root jasmonic acid in rice seedlings were induced by cadmium toxicity. Cadmium toxicity induced the increase of jasmonic acid content in root system of rice seedlings, thus reducing the root activity of rice seedlings, increasing the absorption of cadmium in rice seedlings, inhibiting the.3. cadmium toxicity of rice seedlings to promote the expression of gibberellin passivation gene and inhibiting the growth of the aboveground part of rice seedlings. Cadmium toxicity can significantly promote rice seedlings. The expression of Os GA2ox1, Os GA2ox6, Os GA2ox8, Os GA2ox9 in the second leaf. Cadmium toxicity may inhibit the growth of the second leaf of rice seedlings by increasing the activity of gibberellin to the inactive gibberellin in the rice, and the exogenous spraying of 10 micron GA3 can significantly alleviate the growth of the upper part of the rice seedlings. The long inhibitory effect, including the mitigation of the first leaf, second leaf and plant height inhibition. Exogenous spraying GA3 promoted the growth of the upper part of the rice seedlings, reduced the content of cadmium in the upper part of the rice seedling, and alleviated the toxicity of cadmium to the growth of the rice seedlings.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X173;S511
本文编号：2157078
[Abstract]:Rice is the most important grain crop in our country. It plays a very important role in the daily life of the people and the whole national economy. Heavy metal cadmium pollution not only affects the growth and development of rice and the quality of rice, but also can be passed through the food chain to endanger the life and health of human beings. The mechanism of development influence is of great significance, but the toxic mechanism of cadmium to rice is still unclear. In this experiment, the effects of cadmium toxicity on the growth of rice seedlings and the mechanism of the regulation of jasmonic acid and Gibberellin on the response of rice seedlings to cadmium toxicity were studied in this experiment, which was widely cultivated in China. The main experiment was the mechanism of the regulation of jasmonic acid and Gibberellin on the response to cadmium toxicity in rice seedlings. 9311 The results were as follows: 1. cadmium toxicity inhibited the growth of rice seedlings. The experimental results of 4 days after the treatment of rice seedlings with Cd Cl2 of different cadmium concentrations (0,0.625,1.25,2.5,5,10 mu M) showed that the inhibitory effect of low concentration of cadmium (0.625 mu M) on the growth of root elongation of rice seedlings had reached significant level (P0.05), while low concentration of cadmium (0.625 mu M) was applied to rice seedlings. The inhibitory effect of the upper elongation growth was not significant (P0.05). With the increase of cadmium concentration, the inhibitory effect of cadmium on the growth of root and aboveground part of rice seedlings became more and more obvious; cadmium toxicity could significantly reduce the fresh weight of root and ground part of rice seedlings, and increased with the increase of cadmium concentration; cadmium toxicity to rice young. The inhibitory effect of the growth of seedling root system was greater than the inhibition effect on the growth of the upper part of the ground, which led to the increase of the root and crown ratio of the root and crown of the rice seedlings with cadmium toxicity induced by.2., and then the root activity of rice seedlings was reduced, the root growth of rice seedlings was added to the roots of rice seedlings, and the root growth of rice seedlings was.10 M Cd Cl2. The results of rice seedling showed that cadmium toxicity induced the expression of jasmonic acid synthesis related genes in root of rice seedlings, promoted the increase of jasmonic acid content in root of rice seedlings, and cadmium toxicity promoted the expression of phospholipase related gene, phospholipase D gene in the membrane of the cell membrane, which resulted in the destruction of the membrane structure of the root system, the increase of cell membrane permeability and the root activity. Cadmium toxicity promoted the expression of Cd absorption related genes and increased the absorption of cadmium in root system of rice seedlings. Cadmium toxicity inhibited the cell division of rice seedlings and the expression of cell elongation related genes and inhibited root growth. The cadmium toxicity of jasmine seedlings in rice seedlings was poisoned by the addition of jasmonic acid synthase inhibitor IBU with a concentration of 7.5 mu M. The synthesis process of acid was inhibited and the content of jasmonic acid in root was reduced, and the promotion effect of cadmium toxicity on the expression of phospholipase D gene in rice seedling root was weakened and the activity of root was increased. The promotion of cadmium toxicity on Cd uptake related gene expression of rice seedlings was weakened and the absorption of cadmium in root system decreased. The inhibition of the expression of division and cell elongation related genes was weakened, and the inhibitory effect of root growth was alleviated. The results showed that cadmium toxicity reduced the root activity of rice seedlings, increased the absorption of cadmium in rice seedlings and inhibited the growth of rice seedlings, and the effects of cadmium toxicity on the root jasmonic acid in rice seedlings were induced by cadmium toxicity. Cadmium toxicity induced the increase of jasmonic acid content in root system of rice seedlings, thus reducing the root activity of rice seedlings, increasing the absorption of cadmium in rice seedlings, inhibiting the.3. cadmium toxicity of rice seedlings to promote the expression of gibberellin passivation gene and inhibiting the growth of the aboveground part of rice seedlings. Cadmium toxicity can significantly promote rice seedlings. The expression of Os GA2ox1, Os GA2ox6, Os GA2ox8, Os GA2ox9 in the second leaf. Cadmium toxicity may inhibit the growth of the second leaf of rice seedlings by increasing the activity of gibberellin to the inactive gibberellin in the rice, and the exogenous spraying of 10 micron GA3 can significantly alleviate the growth of the upper part of the rice seedlings. The long inhibitory effect, including the mitigation of the first leaf, second leaf and plant height inhibition. Exogenous spraying GA3 promoted the growth of the upper part of the rice seedlings, reduced the content of cadmium in the upper part of the rice seedling, and alleviated the toxicity of cadmium to the growth of the rice seedlings.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X173;S511
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