钙硅滤料—生物滤池强化生物脱氮除磷效能及特性研究
发布时间：2018-08-03 15:54
【摘要】：针对有机质、总氮及总磷的过度排放而导致的水污染问题,本研究以贝壳粉为主要原料制备钙硅滤料,考察其磷吸附特性,并将其应用于生物滤池中处理生活污水,研究反应器对COD、NH3-N、TP、TN的去除效能、空间去除特性及反应器内微生物群落结构,主要内容包括:(1)以贝壳粉为主要原料,添加不同的辅料,分别进行烧结滤料和免烧滤料的制备,对两种滤料进行品质鉴定,选择免烧滤料进行后续试验研究,并对免烧滤料的成分、形态以及微观结构进行表征,得知免烧滤料的主要成分是CaCO3和SiO2,由此命名为钙硅滤料,简称CSFM。通过静态单因素试验,探究钙硅滤料磷吸附性能与pH值、磷溶液浓度、吸附时间的关系,应用响应面分析法考察pH值、磷溶液浓度、吸附时间三因素对吸附除磷率的交互影响。结果表明,钙硅滤料在吸附时间3.24h,吸附溶液pH7条件下,对30mg/L浓度以内的磷溶液有良好的吸附效能,吸附除磷率达90%以上。(2)构建CSFM-BF反应器,包括以CSFM为载体的1#A/O单级生物滤池和2#单级普通曝气生物滤池反应器,考察氨氮负荷、磷负荷对各污染物处理效能的影响,并研究两反应器对污染物的空间去除特性。结果表明:不同的氨氮负荷及磷负荷下A/O单级生物滤池对COD、氨氮、磷的去除效能不及普通曝气生物滤池,但对TN的去除效能远远优于普通曝气生物滤池。(3)实际生活污水试验阶段,将上述反应器联用,构成A/O-CSFM两级生物滤池,平均出水COD浓度为13.00mg/L,氨氮浓度为2.99mg/L,磷浓度为2.67mg/L,TN浓度为55.29mg/L,平均出水去除率分别为95.61%、96.27%、69.51%、48.43%。A/O-CSFM两级生物滤池对COD、TOC的去除主要依靠缺氧柱内厌氧异养微生物的的降解作用;对磷的去除主要是缺氧柱的反硝化除磷作用和滤料及生物膜的吸附作用;对TN的去除主要是缺氧柱的反硝化作用和好氧柱的硝化作用;对氨氮和IC的去除分别是好氧柱的硝化作用和同化作用。(4)利用高通量测序手段,考察反应器在不同运行阶段内微生物种群多样性及群落结构,14个样品经高通量分析共获得原始序列共计361112条,34个菌门,鉴定出的主要优势菌主要为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),其OTU占有比例分别为60.59%、24.13%。随着磷负荷的增大,A/O生物滤池好氧段和缺氧段内的微生物多样性都降低;氨氮负荷的改变对A/O生物滤池的好氧段的微生物多样性影响较大,对缺氧段微生物多样性的影响较小。A/O-CSFM两级生物滤池好氧段最大优势菌群是硝化螺旋菌属等硝化细菌,其丰度是17.09%,优势地位明显,保证两级生物滤池良好的硝化效能。缺氧段的主要优势菌群有Rhodocyclaceae_uncultured、弓形杆菌属(Arcobacter),其丰度分别是13.65%、13.27%。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the water pollution caused by the excessive discharge of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, the calcium silicon filter material was prepared from shell powder, and its phosphorus adsorption characteristics were investigated and applied to the treatment of domestic sewage in biofilter. The removal efficiency, spatial removal characteristics and microbial community structure of CODN NH 3-NN TPN TN in the reactor were studied. The main contents were as follows: (1) sinter filter media and non-burning filter media were prepared by adding different auxiliary materials with shell powder as main raw material. The quality of the two kinds of filter media was evaluated, and the non-fired filter media was selected for follow-up test. The composition, morphology and microstructure of the non-fired filter media were characterized. It was found that the main components of the non-fired filter media were CaCO3 and SiO2, which was named calcium silicon filter material. Short for CSFM. The relationship between phosphorus adsorption performance and pH value, phosphorus solution concentration and adsorption time was investigated by static single factor test. The interaction of pH value, phosphorus solution concentration and adsorption time on phosphorus removal rate was investigated by response surface analysis. The results showed that under the conditions of adsorption time 3.24 h and adsorption solution pH7, the calcium silicon filter media had good adsorption efficiency for phosphorus solution within 30mg/L concentration, and the adsorption phosphorus removal rate was more than 90%. (2) A CSFM-BF reactor was constructed. The effects of ammonia nitrogen loading and phosphorus load on the treatment efficiency of pollutants were investigated in 1#A/O single stage biofilter and 2# single stage aerated biofilter with CSFM as carrier, and the spatial removal characteristics of pollutants were studied. The results showed that the removal efficiency of COD, NH _ 3-N and P by single stage A / O biofilter was lower than that of ordinary aerated biofilter under different ammonia-nitrogen loading and phosphorus loading. However, the removal efficiency of TN is much better than that of ordinary biological aerated filter. (3) in the experimental stage of actual domestic sewage, the A/O-CSFM two-stage biofilter is formed by combining the above reactors. The average effluent COD concentration was 13.00 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen concentration was 2.99 mg / L, phosphorus concentration was 2.67 mg / L, and the average effluent removal rate was 95.61g / L, 96.270.27 mg / L, respectively. The removal rate of COD _ (TOC) was mainly dependent on the degradation of anaerobic heterotrophic microorganisms in anoxic column. The removal of phosphorus is mainly caused by denitrification of anoxic column and adsorption of filter media and biofilm, and the removal of TN is mainly caused by denitrification of anoxic column and nitrification of aerobic column. The removal of ammonia nitrogen and IC were nitrification and assimilation of aerobic column respectively. (4) High throughput sequencing was used. The microbial population diversity and community structure in the reactor were investigated in different operating stages. A total of 361112 original sequences and 34 phylum were obtained from 14 samples by high-throughput analysis. The main dominant bacteria identified was Proteus (Proteobacteria), (Bacteroidetes), and the percentage of OTU occupied was 60.59 and 24.13 respectively. With the increase of phosphorus load, the microbial diversity in aerobic stage and anoxic stage of A / O biofilter decreased, and the microbial diversity in aerobic stage of A / O biofilter was greatly affected by the change of ammonia nitrogen load. The maximum dominant bacteria in aerobic stage of aerobic biofilter of anoxic stage were nitrifying helicobacterium and isonitrifying bacteria, the abundance of which was 17.09, and the dominant position was obvious, which ensured the good nitrification efficiency of two-stage biofilter. The main dominant flora in anoxic region is RhodocyclaceaeS uncultured.The abundance of Toxoplasma (Arcobacter), is 13.65% and 13.27% respectively.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703
本文编号：2162230
[Abstract]:Aiming at the water pollution caused by the excessive discharge of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, the calcium silicon filter material was prepared from shell powder, and its phosphorus adsorption characteristics were investigated and applied to the treatment of domestic sewage in biofilter. The removal efficiency, spatial removal characteristics and microbial community structure of CODN NH 3-NN TPN TN in the reactor were studied. The main contents were as follows: (1) sinter filter media and non-burning filter media were prepared by adding different auxiliary materials with shell powder as main raw material. The quality of the two kinds of filter media was evaluated, and the non-fired filter media was selected for follow-up test. The composition, morphology and microstructure of the non-fired filter media were characterized. It was found that the main components of the non-fired filter media were CaCO3 and SiO2, which was named calcium silicon filter material. Short for CSFM. The relationship between phosphorus adsorption performance and pH value, phosphorus solution concentration and adsorption time was investigated by static single factor test. The interaction of pH value, phosphorus solution concentration and adsorption time on phosphorus removal rate was investigated by response surface analysis. The results showed that under the conditions of adsorption time 3.24 h and adsorption solution pH7, the calcium silicon filter media had good adsorption efficiency for phosphorus solution within 30mg/L concentration, and the adsorption phosphorus removal rate was more than 90%. (2) A CSFM-BF reactor was constructed. The effects of ammonia nitrogen loading and phosphorus load on the treatment efficiency of pollutants were investigated in 1#A/O single stage biofilter and 2# single stage aerated biofilter with CSFM as carrier, and the spatial removal characteristics of pollutants were studied. The results showed that the removal efficiency of COD, NH _ 3-N and P by single stage A / O biofilter was lower than that of ordinary aerated biofilter under different ammonia-nitrogen loading and phosphorus loading. However, the removal efficiency of TN is much better than that of ordinary biological aerated filter. (3) in the experimental stage of actual domestic sewage, the A/O-CSFM two-stage biofilter is formed by combining the above reactors. The average effluent COD concentration was 13.00 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen concentration was 2.99 mg / L, phosphorus concentration was 2.67 mg / L, and the average effluent removal rate was 95.61g / L, 96.270.27 mg / L, respectively. The removal rate of COD _ (TOC) was mainly dependent on the degradation of anaerobic heterotrophic microorganisms in anoxic column. The removal of phosphorus is mainly caused by denitrification of anoxic column and adsorption of filter media and biofilm, and the removal of TN is mainly caused by denitrification of anoxic column and nitrification of aerobic column. The removal of ammonia nitrogen and IC were nitrification and assimilation of aerobic column respectively. (4) High throughput sequencing was used. The microbial population diversity and community structure in the reactor were investigated in different operating stages. A total of 361112 original sequences and 34 phylum were obtained from 14 samples by high-throughput analysis. The main dominant bacteria identified was Proteus (Proteobacteria), (Bacteroidetes), and the percentage of OTU occupied was 60.59 and 24.13 respectively. With the increase of phosphorus load, the microbial diversity in aerobic stage and anoxic stage of A / O biofilter decreased, and the microbial diversity in aerobic stage of A / O biofilter was greatly affected by the change of ammonia nitrogen load. The maximum dominant bacteria in aerobic stage of aerobic biofilter of anoxic stage were nitrifying helicobacterium and isonitrifying bacteria, the abundance of which was 17.09, and the dominant position was obvious, which ensured the good nitrification efficiency of two-stage biofilter. The main dominant flora in anoxic region is RhodocyclaceaeS uncultured.The abundance of Toxoplasma (Arcobacter), is 13.65% and 13.27% respectively.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 颜俊瑜;于岩;吴任平;黄艳;;利用牡蛎壳和废玻璃粉制备废水除磷吸附材料的研究[J];材料导报;2009年S1期
，本文编号：2162230
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