菌丝体废渣提取物的高值化利用
发布时间：2018-08-18 09:47
【摘要】：青霉素发酵废菌丝体废渣中含有丰富的有机物,这些有机物具有极高的提取利用价值。发酵废渣和生产废水中含有残留的青霉素,如果不对其采取处理措施,它们会对生态环境造成危害。本文采用破壁、皂化、萃取、结晶工艺从青霉素菌丝体废渣中分离纯化麦角固醇,破壁反应采用碱热法,通过正交试验确定了最佳破壁条件。反应结束后破壁液固液分离,取固体沉淀物进行醇碱皂化,通过正交试验确定了最佳皂化条件。反应结束后皂化液用有机溶剂进行萃取,萃取液通过蒸馏、结晶得到高纯度麦角固醇。实验室阶段麦角固醇的提取质量占菌渣干重的0.54%(提取率71.05%),麦角固醇的纯度为94.2%,可以满足作为维生素D2源的要求。本文采用光降解法和芬顿法去除废菌渣中残留的青霉素,通过单因素实验确定了不同降解剂的最适用量和反应液的pH,并对不同方法的青霉素降解效果进行比较,得出在固定反应时间和反应温度后,当投加适量的降解剂、反应液pH为10时,废菌渣中的青霉素含量从初始浓度6110 mg·L-1下降至40mg·L-1,青霉素去除率可达99.35%,并且通过降解产物对微生物活性影响的实验结果分析,发现青霉素降解产物对微生物活性无抑制作用。本文对于麦角固醇提取放大实验中的沉降方法、固液分离方法、有机溶剂回收方法和结晶方法进行了改进,对于放大实验的仪器设备重新进行了选择,确定了在破壁液的沉降过程中加入絮凝剂来提高固体物质的沉降速度,破壁液的固液分离采用模拟板框过滤法,有机溶剂回收采用常压蒸馏法,结晶过程中结晶剂使用有机溶剂,并重复使用。通过8次放大实验得到麦角固醇的提取质量占菌渣干重的平均值为0.34%,相比于实验室阶段的提取率有所下降,得到的麦角固醇纯度与实验室阶段相同。
[Abstract]:The waste mycelium residue of penicillin fermentation is rich in organic matter, which has a high value of extraction and utilization. The residue of penicillin is found in fermentation residue and production wastewater. If it is not treated, it will do harm to the ecological environment. Ergosterol was isolated and purified from waste residue of penicillin mycelia by wall-breaking, saponification, extraction and crystallization. The best condition of wall-breaking was determined by alkali calorimetry. At the end of the reaction, the solid precipitates were separated by liquid-solid-liquid separation and saponification of alkaloids was carried out. The optimum saponification conditions were determined by orthogonal test. After the reaction, the saponification solution was extracted with organic solvent, the extract was distilled and crystallized to obtain high purity ergosterol. The quality of ergosterol extraction in laboratory stage was 0.54% of the dry weight of bacteria residue (the extraction rate was 71.05%), and the purity of ergosterol was 94.2%, which could meet the requirements of vitamin D2 source. In this paper, the photodegradation method and Fenton method were used to remove the penicillin residue from the waste bacteria residue. The most suitable amount of the different degradation agents and the pH of the reaction solution were determined by single factor experiment, and the degradation effects of the different methods were compared. After fixed reaction time and reaction temperature, the pH of the reaction solution is 10:00 when the appropriate amount of degradation agent is added. The content of penicillin in the waste residue decreased from 6110 mg L-1 to 40mg L -1, and the removal rate of penicillin reached 99.355.According to the experimental results of the effect of degradation product on microbial activity, it was found that the degradation product of penicillin had no inhibitory effect on microbial activity. In this paper, the sedimentation method, solid-liquid separation method, organic solvent recovery method and crystallization method of ergosterol extraction amplification experiment were improved. It is determined that flocculant is added to the settling process of wall-breaking liquid to improve the settling speed of solid material. The solid-liquid separation of wall-breaking liquid is carried out by simulated plate-frame filtration, and the organic solvent is recovered by atmospheric distillation. Organic solvents are used in the crystallization process and repeated use. Through eight magnification experiments, the average of ergosterol extraction quality was 0.34, which was lower than that of laboratory stage, and the purity of ergosterol was the same as that of laboratory stage.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X787
本文编号：2189096
[Abstract]:The waste mycelium residue of penicillin fermentation is rich in organic matter, which has a high value of extraction and utilization. The residue of penicillin is found in fermentation residue and production wastewater. If it is not treated, it will do harm to the ecological environment. Ergosterol was isolated and purified from waste residue of penicillin mycelia by wall-breaking, saponification, extraction and crystallization. The best condition of wall-breaking was determined by alkali calorimetry. At the end of the reaction, the solid precipitates were separated by liquid-solid-liquid separation and saponification of alkaloids was carried out. The optimum saponification conditions were determined by orthogonal test. After the reaction, the saponification solution was extracted with organic solvent, the extract was distilled and crystallized to obtain high purity ergosterol. The quality of ergosterol extraction in laboratory stage was 0.54% of the dry weight of bacteria residue (the extraction rate was 71.05%), and the purity of ergosterol was 94.2%, which could meet the requirements of vitamin D2 source. In this paper, the photodegradation method and Fenton method were used to remove the penicillin residue from the waste bacteria residue. The most suitable amount of the different degradation agents and the pH of the reaction solution were determined by single factor experiment, and the degradation effects of the different methods were compared. After fixed reaction time and reaction temperature, the pH of the reaction solution is 10:00 when the appropriate amount of degradation agent is added. The content of penicillin in the waste residue decreased from 6110 mg L-1 to 40mg L -1, and the removal rate of penicillin reached 99.355.According to the experimental results of the effect of degradation product on microbial activity, it was found that the degradation product of penicillin had no inhibitory effect on microbial activity. In this paper, the sedimentation method, solid-liquid separation method, organic solvent recovery method and crystallization method of ergosterol extraction amplification experiment were improved. It is determined that flocculant is added to the settling process of wall-breaking liquid to improve the settling speed of solid material. The solid-liquid separation of wall-breaking liquid is carried out by simulated plate-frame filtration, and the organic solvent is recovered by atmospheric distillation. Organic solvents are used in the crystallization process and repeated use. Through eight magnification experiments, the average of ergosterol extraction quality was 0.34, which was lower than that of laboratory stage, and the purity of ergosterol was the same as that of laboratory stage.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X787
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