微波热解制备污泥生物炭研究
发布时间:2018-08-18 11:04
【摘要】:随着污水收集、处理比率的提高,如何妥善处理处置污水处理过程中产生的剩余污泥,避免二次污染,已成为环保界亟待解决的问题。本研究以城市污水处理厂的剩余污泥为研究对象,通过微波热解方式制备污泥生物炭,并探索污泥生物炭特性及应用潜势。探索不同热解温度、添加不同化学活性剂对污泥生物炭特性的影响及微波热解过程污泥中重金属形态的变化规律,同时研究生物炭土地利用潜势及经活化热解所得生物炭对MB的吸附特性。温度显著影响微波低温热解制备污泥生物炭。随着热解温度的升高,生物炭的有机质含量由原干污泥的74.33%逐渐降至450℃条件下的51.99%,灰分含量则由27.2%增高至49.06%。C元素含量由原干污泥的35.33wt.%提高至400℃条件下的最大值45.48wt.%,同时表面形貌及比表面积等随着热解温度与热解条件而呈现不同的变化。通过分步提取法研究微波热解对污泥中重金属形态的影响后发现:微波热解可使污泥中多种生态风险高的可溶解态与可还原态的重金属转化为生态风险小的性质稳定的残渣态。采用三种评价方法对生物炭的重金属潜在生态风险进行评价,得出微波热解对重金属元素生态风险的影响存在一定的差异,其中As、Cu、Ni、Zn对环境的生态风险明显降低,而Cr、Pb则不显著。化学活化剂的添加,可以较显著的增加生物炭的比表面积,通过KOH的活化在700-C下BET比表面积最大,为467.21 m2/g,在相同的热解温度下,不同活化剂活化下BET比表面积大小顺序依次为KOHZnCl2H2SO4柠檬酸H3P04。污泥生物炭吸附性能测试结果表明,生物炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附与生物炭的比表面积有一定的关系,在相同的条件下,各活化剂下所得生物炭的吸附能力顺序为KOHZnCl2H2SO4H3PO4柠檬酸。多数污泥生物炭对MB的吸附行为符合Freundlich等温方程,说明MB在生物炭表面并非为单分子层吸附。生物炭对MB的吸附更符合Lagergren的二级动力学吸附,且由二级速率方程得出的平衡吸附量与实验所得的平衡吸附量更接近。通过黑麦草种子发芽测试实验,发现污泥生物炭对黑麦草发芽具有一定的促进作用,SC350组发芽率达到了98.15%,比土壤对照组的88.89%要高出9.26%。通过黑麦草的种植,发现污泥生物炭的添加,对黑麦草生长无负面影响,而相对于直接污泥添加,添加热解后生物炭的试验组黑麦草生长状况良好。利用微波热解污泥制备生物炭可以实现污泥减量无害和资源化,通过热解不仅可以降低污泥农用的生态风险,辅助化学活化还可将热解所得生物炭作为廉价的吸附剂使用,具有较好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:With the increase of sewage collection and treatment ratio, it has become an urgent problem for the environmental protection field to deal with the excess sludge produced in the process of sewage treatment and avoid secondary pollution. In this study, sludge biochar was prepared by microwave pyrolysis from surplus sludge of municipal wastewater treatment plant, and the characteristics and potential of sludge biochar were explored. The effects of different pyrolysis temperatures, the addition of different chemical active agents on the biochar characteristics of sludge and the changes of heavy metal forms in sludge during microwave pyrolysis were explored. At the same time, the land use potential of biochar and the adsorption characteristics of activated biochar to MB were studied. The temperature has a significant effect on the preparation of sludge biochar by microwave pyrolysis at low temperature. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature, The organic matter content of biochar decreased gradually from 74.33% of raw dry sludge to 51.99 at 450 鈩,
本文编号:2189270
[Abstract]:With the increase of sewage collection and treatment ratio, it has become an urgent problem for the environmental protection field to deal with the excess sludge produced in the process of sewage treatment and avoid secondary pollution. In this study, sludge biochar was prepared by microwave pyrolysis from surplus sludge of municipal wastewater treatment plant, and the characteristics and potential of sludge biochar were explored. The effects of different pyrolysis temperatures, the addition of different chemical active agents on the biochar characteristics of sludge and the changes of heavy metal forms in sludge during microwave pyrolysis were explored. At the same time, the land use potential of biochar and the adsorption characteristics of activated biochar to MB were studied. The temperature has a significant effect on the preparation of sludge biochar by microwave pyrolysis at low temperature. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature, The organic matter content of biochar decreased gradually from 74.33% of raw dry sludge to 51.99 at 450 鈩,
本文编号:2189270
本文链接:https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/huanjinggongchenglunwen/2189270.html
最近更新
教材专著