不同粒径垃圾焚烧飞灰重金属毒性浸出及生物可给性

发布时间：2018-08-18 11:36

【摘要】：对城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的化学性质和粒径分级毒性进行分析研究,并采用美国EPA的毒性浸出程序TCLP(toxicity characteristic leaching procedure)、欧盟危险废物鉴别浸出标准(EN12457-2)、逐级浸出程序SEP(sequential extraction procedure)与体外模拟实验方法 PBET(physiologically based extraction test)对不同粒径的焚烧飞灰中重金属浸出效果进行对比研究.结果表明,焚烧飞灰的主要组成元素为Ca、Si、Al、Mg、Fe、Na和K;58.7%的飞灰粒径分布在38~106μm,粒径小于150μm的焚烧飞灰占总量的90%以上.重金属Cu、Pb和Cd等在各粒径飞灰中主要以残渣态的形式存在,可交换态较少.TCLP结果证实,除As和V外,Zn、Cu和Pb的浸出量随飞灰粒径的减小呈先增大后减少的趋势,粒径在38~106μm下Zn的浸出量最大为547 mg·kg~(-1),而采用欧盟浸出标准,所有粒径飞灰的重金属浸出量都较低.PBET实验中Zn、Pb、Cu和As的浸取浓度分别达3 270、339、335和16.8 mg·kg~(-1),其结果显著高于TCLP重金属浸出量,说明焚烧飞灰中重金属对于人体具有潜在的生物有效性.
[Abstract]:The chemical properties and particle size grading toxicity of fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration were analyzed and studied. The toxicity leaching procedure of EPA in USA, TCLP (toxicity characteristic leaching procedure), EU Hazardous waste Identification leaching Standard (EN12457-2), step by step leaching procedure SEP (sequential extraction procedure) and in vitro simulation experiment method PBET (physiologically based extraction test) were used to extract heavy metals from fly ash incineration with different particle sizes. A comparative study was carried out on the fruit. The results show that the main composition elements of fly ash are CaSI-Si-AlMg-FE-Na-Na and K-58.7%. The particle size of fly ash is 38 ~ 106 渭 m, and the size of fly ash less than 150 渭 m accounts for more than 90% of the total amount of fly ash. Heavy metals, such as Cu, Pb and CD, mainly exist in the form of residue in fly ash with different particle sizes, and the exchangeable states are less. TCLP results show that the leaching amount of Zn, Cu and Pb in fly ash increases first and then decreases with the decrease of fly ash particle size except as and V. The maximum leaching amount of Zn was 547mg kg ~ (-1) when the particle size was 38 ~ 10 ~ 6 渭 m. According to the EU leaching standard, the heavy metal leaching amount of all fly ash was lower. The leaching concentrations of ZnPbCu and as were 3 270339335 and 16.8 mg kg ~ (-1), respectively, and the results were significantly higher than that of TCLP. It shows that heavy metals in fly ash incineration have potential bioavailability to human body.
【作者单位】：河南师范大学环境学院黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室河南省环境污染控制重点实验室;南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院江苏省化工污染控制与资源化重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(5201219120004) 河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A610514) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(30916014102)
【分类号】：X705

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