组合式生物阴极微生物燃料电池处理含盐废水的工艺性能研究
发布时间：2018-08-20 17:38
【摘要】：含盐废水来源广泛、成分复杂。废水中盐分的存在,增加了含盐废水生物处理的难度。含盐废水除了含有高浓度的无机盐外,还含有不同浓度的有机质及氮、磷等营养元素。目前利用微生物燃料电池(MFC)进行脱氮除碳性能研究较多,但是关于盐度对该生物处理系统影响利弊分析报道较少。除此以外,很少学者对不同运行条件下系统有机物去除、硝化反硝化及分子生物学进行分析研究。针对这些问题,本人通过对目前废水生物处理工艺进行详细分析,结合MFC工艺特性,采用组合型生物阴极微生物燃料电池模拟含盐氨氮废水进行试验,探讨不同进水盐度和不同运行条件下有机物降解效果。从废水脱氮效果着眼分析了各参数因子对组合型生物阴极微生物燃料电池氨氮的硝化反硝化效果影响,优化电池的操作条件。在此基础上对盐度改变下污泥群落结构影响进行了研究。这些研究对于含盐氨氮废水利用MFC生物处理研究进展具有一定的促进作用。通过上述实验,得出以下结论。(1)组合型生物阴极微生物燃料电池处理含盐废水具有较好的去除有机物、氨氮和产电功能。(2)不同进水盐度下有机物的降解率能达到73%以上,盐度对系统COD影响较大,在盐度为0g/L和3.5g/L时有机物降解率可达90%以上,盐度大于17.5g/L时系统耐冲击负荷降低,出水开始恶化。整体而言盐度为3.5g/L时COD降解效果最佳。(3)进水氨氮浓度对有机物降解有一定影响,随进水氨氮增加COD降解率呈现先增大后减小的趋势。实验结果表明当进水NH4Cl浓度为0.3g/L时COD和氨氮降解率同时达到最大。随进水氨氮浓度增加反硝化效果越差。结果表明：与进水盐度相比,进水氨氮负荷变化对硝化反硝化影响更为显著。(4)系统对有机物降解和氨氮去除均受阴极室DO影响较大。在DO低于3.4mg/L以下,系统中微生物受到抑制,系统对COD的降解率较低。当DO高于4.6mg/L以上,系统中COD降解率显著增加,至DO为7.0mg/L时不同盐度COD降解率大于97%。在DO低于3.4mg/L时,氨氮去除率低于82.6%,当DO增至7.0mg/L时氨氮去除率大幅度增加,盐度为0g/L时去除率高达98.2%。在DO值较低时氨氮在阴极室中好氧硝化过程进行的不够充分,从而影响了阳极室中厌氧反硝化进程。当阴极室DO从2.0mg/L增加至7.0mg/L时,脱氮率可提高约24%。(5)阳极室HRT对有机物的降解影响较大,在HRT为8h情况下,系统对COD的去除效果较差。随HRT的升高,COD降解率逐渐上升,在HRT在13.3h以上时,HRT继续增加对COD的降解率影响不大,为了保证系统的去除效率和节约成本,系统选用HRT为13.3h。通过实验验证HRT对氨氮的去除影响,当HRT增大时,阳极室出水氨氮去除率增大,而经阴极室曝气后阴极室出水降解率受HRT影响不大。(6)系统对有机物和氨氮的降解受载荷电阻有较小影响,随着负载电阻的降低,废水中COD去除率大致上呈现逐渐上升的趋势。当负载电荷大于100Ω时,阴极室主要以氧气作为电子受体,负载电阻低于100Ω以下时,阴极室中一部分硝酸盐用于产电部分,硝氮去除率增加,脱氮效果更佳。(7)盐度改变下阳极膜上大多菌种属于α-proteobacteria、β-proteobacteria、 δ-proteobacteria及Actinobacteridae 纲。
[Abstract]:The existence of salt in the wastewater increases the difficulty of biological treatment of saline wastewater. Besides high concentration of inorganic salt, saline wastewater also contains different concentrations of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients. At present, there are many studies on the denitrification and carbon removal performance of microbial fuel cell (MFC). In addition, few scholars have studied the removal of organic matter, nitrification and denitrification, and molecular biology under different operating conditions. In view of these problems, I have analyzed the current biological wastewater treatment process in detail, combined with the characteristics of MFC process, and adopted the method. A combined biocathode microbial fuel cell was used to simulate ammonia-nitrogen wastewater with different salinity of influent and different operating conditions to study the effect of organic matter degradation. On this basis, the effects of salinity on the structure of sludge community were studied. These studies could promote the research progress of MFC bio-treatment of saline ammonia-nitrogen wastewater. Removal of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and electricity production function. (2) The degradation rate of organic matter can reach more than 73% under different influent salinity, and salinity has a greater impact on COD of the system. The degradation rate of organic matter can reach more than 90% when salinity is 0 g/L and 3.5 g/L. The impact load of the system decreases when salinity is higher than 17.5 g/L, and the effluent begins to deteriorate. (3) The concentration of influent ammonia nitrogen had some effect on the degradation of organic matter, and the degradation rate of COD increased first and then decreased with the increase of influent ammonia nitrogen. The experimental results showed that the degradation rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen reached the maximum at the same time when the concentration of NH4Cl was 0.3 g/L. The denitrification effect became worse with the increase of influent ammonia nitrogen concentration. Compared with the influent salinity, the influent ammonia-nitrogen load has a more significant effect on nitrification and denitrification. (4) Both the degradation of organic matter and the removal of ammonia-nitrogen are greatly affected by DO in the cathode chamber. When DO was 7.0 mg/L, the COD degradation rate of different salinity was more than 97%. When DO was lower than 3.4 mg/L, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was lower than 82.6%. When DO was higher than 7.0 mg/L, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was greatly increased, and when salinity was 0 g/L, the removal rate was as high as 98.2%. When DO was lower, the aerobic nitrification process of ammonia nitrogen in the cathode chamber was insufficient, which affected the anode chamber anaerobic. Oxygen denitrification process. When the cathode chamber DO increased from 2.0mg/L to 7.0mg/L, the nitrogen removal rate could be increased by about 24%. (5) HRT in the anode chamber had a greater effect on the degradation of organic matter, but the system had a poor effect on the removal of COD when HRT was 8 hours. With the increase of HRT, the degradation rate of COD increased gradually, and HRT had no effect on the degradation rate of COD when HRT was over 13.3 hours. In order to ensure the system removal efficiency and cost saving, the HRT is 13.3h. The experimental results show that the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen by HRT increases with the increase of HRT, and the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen by cathode chamber is not affected by HRT. (6) The degradation of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen by the system is affected by the load resistance. When the load charge is more than 100_, the cathode chamber mainly uses oxygen as the electron acceptor. When the load resistance is less than 100_, part of the nitrate in the cathode chamber is used in the power generation part, the removal rate of nitrate and nitrogen is increased, and the effect of denitrification is better. (2) 7) Most of the bacteria on the anode membrane under salinity change belong to alpha-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria, delta-proteobacteria and Actinobacteridae.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703
[Abstract]:The existence of salt in the wastewater increases the difficulty of biological treatment of saline wastewater. Besides high concentration of inorganic salt, saline wastewater also contains different concentrations of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients. At present, there are many studies on the denitrification and carbon removal performance of microbial fuel cell (MFC). In addition, few scholars have studied the removal of organic matter, nitrification and denitrification, and molecular biology under different operating conditions. In view of these problems, I have analyzed the current biological wastewater treatment process in detail, combined with the characteristics of MFC process, and adopted the method. A combined biocathode microbial fuel cell was used to simulate ammonia-nitrogen wastewater with different salinity of influent and different operating conditions to study the effect of organic matter degradation. On this basis, the effects of salinity on the structure of sludge community were studied. These studies could promote the research progress of MFC bio-treatment of saline ammonia-nitrogen wastewater. Removal of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and electricity production function. (2) The degradation rate of organic matter can reach more than 73% under different influent salinity, and salinity has a greater impact on COD of the system. The degradation rate of organic matter can reach more than 90% when salinity is 0 g/L and 3.5 g/L. The impact load of the system decreases when salinity is higher than 17.5 g/L, and the effluent begins to deteriorate. (3) The concentration of influent ammonia nitrogen had some effect on the degradation of organic matter, and the degradation rate of COD increased first and then decreased with the increase of influent ammonia nitrogen. The experimental results showed that the degradation rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen reached the maximum at the same time when the concentration of NH4Cl was 0.3 g/L. The denitrification effect became worse with the increase of influent ammonia nitrogen concentration. Compared with the influent salinity, the influent ammonia-nitrogen load has a more significant effect on nitrification and denitrification. (4) Both the degradation of organic matter and the removal of ammonia-nitrogen are greatly affected by DO in the cathode chamber. When DO was 7.0 mg/L, the COD degradation rate of different salinity was more than 97%. When DO was lower than 3.4 mg/L, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was lower than 82.6%. When DO was higher than 7.0 mg/L, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was greatly increased, and when salinity was 0 g/L, the removal rate was as high as 98.2%. When DO was lower, the aerobic nitrification process of ammonia nitrogen in the cathode chamber was insufficient, which affected the anode chamber anaerobic. Oxygen denitrification process. When the cathode chamber DO increased from 2.0mg/L to 7.0mg/L, the nitrogen removal rate could be increased by about 24%. (5) HRT in the anode chamber had a greater effect on the degradation of organic matter, but the system had a poor effect on the removal of COD when HRT was 8 hours. With the increase of HRT, the degradation rate of COD increased gradually, and HRT had no effect on the degradation rate of COD when HRT was over 13.3 hours. In order to ensure the system removal efficiency and cost saving, the HRT is 13.3h. The experimental results show that the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen by HRT increases with the increase of HRT, and the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen by cathode chamber is not affected by HRT. (6) The degradation of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen by the system is affected by the load resistance. When the load charge is more than 100_, the cathode chamber mainly uses oxygen as the electron acceptor. When the load resistance is less than 100_, part of the nitrate in the cathode chamber is used in the power generation part, the removal rate of nitrate and nitrogen is increased, and the effect of denitrification is better. (2) 7) Most of the bacteria on the anode membrane under salinity change belong to alpha-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria, delta-proteobacteria and Actinobacteridae.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703
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相关期刊论文 前10条
1 李宗睿;张勇;徐坷坷;;高盐度有机废水生物处理技术分析与展望[J];环保科技;2014年01期
2 陈立香;肖勇;赵峰;;微生物燃料电池生物阴极[J];化学进展;2012年01期
3 方丽;刘志华;李小明;杨麒;郑\，
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