明矾对规模化猪场污水净化效果的研究

发布时间：2018-10-04 21:10

【摘要】：为了提高规模猪场污水处理效果,优化处理工艺,本研究采用明矾加硅酸钠助凝的混凝沉淀法检测污水净化效果。分别采集规模化猪场固液分离后的污水和经厌氧发酵的沼液,加入不同剂量的混凝剂明矾(40 mg/kg、60 mg/kg、80 mg/kg)和助凝剂硅酸钠(1 mg/kg、2 mg/kg、3 mg/kg),分别测定净化过程不同时间段的pH值、浊度(悬浮物)、氨氮、COD(生化需氧量)、总N和总P等污染物浓度,金属元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、Cd、Cr+6、As和氟化物含量以及盐度变化,观察明矾加助凝剂硅酸钠对规模化猪场污水的净化效果。结果表明,经过沼气池厌氧发酵后的沼液处理效果优于固液分离的污水。处理24 h后,沼液和污水的pH值分别降低45.58%和49.94%;浊度降幅分别达到52.45%和74.26%;氨氮含量无论是沼液还是污水变化均不明显;处理24 h后,沼液和污水的COD(生化需氧量)分别下降了19.22%和7.86%;、总N分别降低了23.38%和14.67%;而总P分别下降了29.20%和21.74%。处理24 h后,沼液和污水的Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、As、Cr+6、Cd的含量明显下降。Cu的含量分别降低62.99%和55.46%;Fe的含量分别降低34.04%和31.33%;Zn的含量分别降低38.62%和18.78%;Mn的含量分别下降37.93%和22.45%;As的含量下降均为50.0%;Cr+6的含量44.44%和58.33%;Cd的含量下降45.45%和42.86%。处理24 h后,氟化物和盐度的含量有所下降,沼液和污水氟化物的含量分别降低9.4%和16.48%;盐度的含量分别下降10%和18.18%。从以上结果可以看出,经过沼气池的污水比固液分离的污水混凝沉淀效果要好。混凝沉淀法处理后,污染物降解中,pH值和混浊度降幅较大、变化明显,其它指标不明显。重金属中,Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、As、Cr+6、Cd的含量明显下降。氟化物的含量有所下降。沼液和污水中添加80 mg/kg明矾加3mg/kg硅酸钠效果较好。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the wastewater treatment effect and optimize the treatment process of pig farm, the coagulation-precipitation method with alum and sodium silicate was used to detect the purification effect of wastewater. The waste water and anaerobic fermented biogas were collected from a large scale pig farm, and different dosages of coagulant alum (40 mg/kg,60 mg/kg,80 mg/kg) and coagulant sodium silicate (1 mg/kg,2 mg/kg,3 mg/kg) were added to determine the pH value of the purification process at different time periods. Turbidity (suspended matter), ammonia nitrogen Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn,Cd,Cr (biochemical oxygen demand), total N and total P concentration, metal element Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn,Cd,Cr 6 as, fluoride content and salinity change were observed to observe the purification effect of alum plus coagulant sodium silicate on the treatment of large-scale pig wastewater. The results showed that the treatment effect of biogas liquid after anaerobic fermentation was better than that of solid-liquid separation wastewater. After treatment for 24 h, the pH value of biogas liquid and sewage decreased by 45.58% and 49.94%, the turbidity decreased by 52.45% and 74.26%, respectively. COD (biochemical oxygen demand) of biogas and sewage decreased 19.22% and 7.86%, total N decreased 23.38% and 14.67%, and total P decreased 29.20% and 21.74%, respectively. After 24 hours of treatment, The content of Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn,As,Cr _ 6 CD in biogas and sewage decreased by 62.99% and 55.46%, respectively. The content of Zn decreased by 34.04% and 31.33%. The content of Zn decreased by 38.62% and the content of mn decreased by 37.93% and 22.45% respectively. The content of Cr _ 6 was decreased by 44.44% and by 54.44%, respectively. The content of CD decreased by 45.45% and 42.86% respectively. After treatment for 24 h, the content of fluoride and salinity decreased by 9.4% and 16.48%, respectively, and the content of salt decreased by 10% and 18.18%, respectively. From the above results, it can be seen that the effect of coagulation and sedimentation of sewage after biogas digester is better than that of sewage separated by solid and liquid. After coagulation and precipitation treatment, the pH value and turbidity decreased greatly in the degradation of pollutants, and the changes were obvious, but the other indexes were not obvious. In heavy metals, the content of cr _ (6) C _ (6) in Zn ~ (2 +) Cu ~ (2 +) Fe ~ (2 +) Zn The content of fluoride has decreased. The effect of adding 80 mg/kg alum and 3mg/kg sodium silicate to biogas liquid and sewage is better.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X713

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