北京市大台煤矿区土壤重金属污染及风险评价

发布时间：2018-10-09 18:10

【摘要】：通过对大台煤矿区表层土壤的取样调查,分析了矿区土壤中Pb、Cr、Cd、Zn、As、Cu和Hg的重金属含量、土壤的理化性质以及重金属在土壤垂向上的分布特征,并采用单因子污染指数、内梅罗综合污染指数及潜在生态风险指数的方法对矿区的污染程度进行评价。结果表明:矿区土壤的平均pH为7.40,呈弱碱性,有机质百分含量较多,平均为11.23%;土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Pb和Zn平均含量分别为7.39、0.31、68.29、29.68、0.21、38.65和94.67 mg/kg;重金属的含量具有自地表向地下减少的趋势,其中As、Cd、Zn、Cr元素地下20cm处至40 cm处元素含量急剧下降;潜在生态风险指数为250.43,生态风险达到中等。以北京市土壤背景值为标准得出土壤中这7种重金属的综合污染程度已经达到中度污染,其中以Hg元素积累最为严重。
[Abstract]:The contents of Pb,Cr,Cd,Zn,As,Cu and Hg in soil, physical and chemical properties of soil and the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in vertical direction of soil were analyzed by sampling and investigation of surface soil in Datai coal mine area, and single factor pollution index was adopted. The comprehensive pollution index and potential ecological risk index were used to evaluate the pollution degree of mining area. The results showed that the average pH of soil in mining area was 7.40, the content of organic matter was more, the average content of organic matter was 11.230.The average contents of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Pb and Zn in the soil were 7.39 ~ 0.31, 68.29 ~ 29.68 ~ 0.21 ~ 38.65 and 94.67 mg/kg; respectively, and the contents of heavy metals decreased from the surface to the ground. The content of elements in the underground 20cm of As,Cd,Zn,Cr decreased sharply from 40 cm, the potential ecological risk index was 250.43, and the ecological risk reached middle. According to the background value of soil in Beijing, the comprehensive pollution degree of these seven heavy metals in the soil has reached moderate pollution, and the accumulation of Hg element is the most serious.
【作者单位】：中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院;北京市地质勘察技术院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41372164)
【分类号】：X53;X82

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