河北平原潮土中微生物对氮降解特征

发布时间：2018-10-21 11:07

【摘要】：了解土壤中微生物对氮素降解规律,对于土壤氮污染修复具有重要现实意义.从河北平原潮土中筛选出8种高效氨化细菌、硝化细菌、异养硝化好氧反硝化细菌,对所筛菌种进行16S r DNA分析,选出最适菌株通过固定化载体将菌种制成菌剂.探讨了用加入所筛菌种及拮抗菌的菌液和地表水分别滴灌小白菜对土壤中的氮降解产生的影响,并测定土样磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)的值.结果表明:以硅藻土为载体硝化细菌的氨氮降解率达到38%,硝态氮合成率为205%;以硅藻土为载体的氨化细菌氨氮合成率为1 711%,异养硝化好氧反硝化细菌的硝态氮降解率达到367%.加所筛菌液滴灌对土壤总氮和氨氮的降解效果较好,硝化作用也较强,加菌后土壤中微生物量明显增加,且更快到达峰值.对不同土样不同时间磷脂脂肪酸数据分析发现,在白菜生长过程中,土壤中的微生物含量均产生了1次峰值,且加入所筛菌的先到达峰值.对于任丘和阜城土样来说,加入所筛菌后,土壤中微生物种类相应增多,对土壤微生物环境有所改善,微生物也比较活跃.
[Abstract]:It is very important for soil nitrogen pollution remediation to understand the rules of nitrogen degradation by microorganisms in soil. Eight kinds of high efficient ammoniation bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and heterotrophic nitrifying aerobic denitrifying bacteria were screened from the tidal soil of Hebei plain. The strains were analyzed by 16s r DNA. The effects of drip irrigation of pakchoi (Brassica campestris L.) on nitrogen degradation in soil by adding sieve bacteria, antagonistic bacteria and surface water were studied, and the value of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) in soil samples was determined. The results showed that the ammonia-nitrogen degradation rate of nitrifying bacteria with diatomite as carrier was 38 and the synthesis rate of nitrate was 205.The ammonia nitrogen synthesis rate of ammoniated bacteria with diatomite as carrier was 1 711 and the degradation rate of nitrate nitrogen of heterotrophic nitrifying aerobic denitrifying bacteria was 367. The effect of soil total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen degradation was better and nitrification was also stronger. The microbial biomass in the soil increased obviously and reached the peak value faster after adding bacteria. The analysis of phospholipid fatty acid data of different soil samples at different time showed that the microbial content in the soil produced a peak value during the growth of Chinese cabbage, and the first peak was reached by adding the sieve bacteria. For the soil samples of Renqiu and Fucheng, after adding sieve bacteria, the species of microbes in soil increased correspondingly, and the soil microbial environment was improved, and the microbes were also active.
【作者单位】：河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院;河北省污染防治生物技术重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41373096) 河北省高校重点学科建设项目
【分类号】：X172;X53

【参考文献】