布袋式脉冲除尘器控制系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-10-21 17:59

【摘要】：伴随着我国经济发展,钢铁、水泥、电解铝等高能耗高污染产业增长迅猛,工业粉尘排放日益增加,环境污染等问题日渐突出,尤其是大气污染。现今国家加大环境保护力度,对高污染行业实行严格的管控措施。工业粉尘的排放是对大气污染的重要影响因素。加强对工业粉尘排放管控对治理大气污染问题意义重大。袋式除尘器的过滤机理决定其除尘效率高的特点,是世界公认的高效过滤式除尘器。针对市场需求本课题设计开发了一种基于STM32单片机应用于大型除尘器的新型控制系统。该控制系统可实现自动除尘清灰控制、电机变频调速控制、故障诊断与报警、实时监控与数据分析等功能。该控制系统优点为适用范围广泛、功能集成度高、可编程及扩展能力强、成本低廉。论文的主要研究工作与成果主要包括以下几个方面:(1)控制系统的设计与开发。通过查询袋式除尘器相关技术资料,结合袋式除尘器现场应用功能的需求,设计了一套完整的除尘控制系统,主控系统由四个子系统构成,分别为自动除尘清灰控制系统,开关量、模拟量采集控制系统,通讯系统,故障诊断及报警系统。为提升本控制系统适用范围,满足不同结构或不同应用领域的除尘器控制要求,提出一种通用控制方法。用户能够根据自身除尘器特点对脉冲阀数量、清灰模式等参数进行设置达到精确控制的目的。(2)控制系统硬件实现。设计了以32位高性能单片机为核心的主控线路板。完成了D/A、A/D、通讯接口电路及外围设备驱动及检测电路设计。完成了主控板、显示板、电磁阀驱动插板、气压检测插板的PCB绘制。完成了硬件电路焊接工作,在焊接工作进行的同时完成硬件电路和相应的程序调试。(3)控制系统软件实现。采用C语言进行程序编写,主程序采用循环扫描的方式运行,对标志位进行实时监测并做出相应动作。完成了主程序及各个功能子程序的编写及调试。(4)控制系统运行调试。对系统进行软硬件联合调试及控制过程的优化,完成了实验阶段系统各项功能的测试、校准等工作。
[Abstract]:Along with the economic development of our country, the high energy consumption and high pollution industry such as iron and steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and so on are growing rapidly, the industrial dust emission is increasing day by day, the environmental pollution and so on question is becoming prominent day by day, especially the air pollution. At present, the country strengthens the environmental protection, carries out the strict control measure to the high pollution industry. The emission of industrial dust is an important factor affecting air pollution. Strengthening industrial dust emission control is of great significance to the control of air pollution. The filter mechanism of bag filter determines its high dust removal efficiency and is recognized as a high-efficiency filter in the world. According to the market demand, a new control system based on STM32 microcontroller is designed and developed. The control system can realize the functions of automatic dust removal and ash removal control, motor frequency conversion speed regulation control, fault diagnosis and alarm, real-time monitoring and data analysis, etc. The advantages of the control system are wide range of application, high functional integration, strong programmable and extensible ability and low cost. The main research work and achievements are as follows: (1) Design and development of control system. By querying the relevant technical data of bag dust collector and combining with the requirement of field application function of bag dust collector, a complete dust collection control system is designed. The main control system is composed of four subsystems, which are automatic dust removal and ash removal control system. Switch, analog data acquisition control system, communication system, fault diagnosis and alarm system. In order to improve the scope of application of the control system and meet the control requirements of different structures and different application fields, a general control method is proposed. According to the characteristics of the dust collector, the user can set the parameters such as the number of pulse valves and the ash cleaning mode to achieve the purpose of accurate control. (2) the hardware implementation of the control system. The main control circuit board based on 32-bit high-performance single-chip microcomputer is designed. The design of D / A / D, communication interface circuit and peripheral device driver and detection circuit is completed. The PCB drawing of main control board, display board, solenoid valve drive board and air pressure detecting board is completed. The hardware circuit welding is completed, and the hardware circuit and the corresponding program are debugged simultaneously. (3) the software of the control system is realized. C language is used to write the program. The main program runs in the way of cyclic scanning, and the flag bit is monitored in real time and the corresponding actions are made. Completed the main program and each functional subprogram programming and debugging. (4) Control system running debugging. The software and hardware of the system are debugged and the control process is optimized. The functions of the system are tested and calibrated in the experimental stage.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X701.2

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