基于β-X射线分析技术的大气颗粒物浓度-元素分析仪研制

发布时间：2018-10-25 18:07

【摘要】：针对城市大气颗粒物监测、污染物溯源等工作现场实时分析的迫切需要,研制了基于β-X射线分析技术的大气颗粒物浓度-元素分析仪。以β射线在物质中的衰减规律和能量色散X射线荧光分析原理,通过仪器总体设计、结构设计、FPGA硬件电路设计和软件设计,实现了在线分析大气颗粒物浓度及其元素识别、含量计算等功能;通过制备纯元素颗粒沉积滤膜样品作为大气颗粒物标准样品,完成了分析仪的标定。该分析仪可在线、连续监测大气颗粒物(如TSP,PM10,PM2.5)的质量浓度及其所含的30种元素种类和含量。成都东郊的现场应用显示,分析仪对大气颗粒物的浓度测量值与成都环保局的监测值具有很好的一致性,对颗粒物中所含重金属元素(如As,Hg,Cd,Cr,Pb等)的监测较为灵敏。通过技术性能测试,表明分析仪具备检出限低、快速分析、使用方便等特点,能够满足城市大气监测过程中对颗粒物浓度和元素实时分析的迫切需求,具有较强的现场应用能力。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the urgent need of real-time analysis of atmospheric particulate matter in urban areas such as monitoring and traceability of pollutants, a concentration element analyzer for atmospheric particulate matter based on 尾 -X ray analysis technology was developed. Based on the attenuation law of 尾 -ray in matter and the principle of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, the on-line analysis of atmospheric particulate concentration and its element identification is realized through the overall design of the instrument, the structure design, the FPGA hardware circuit design and the software design. Content calculation and other functions; The calibration of the analyzer was completed by preparing the pure element particle deposition filter membrane sample as the atmospheric particle standard sample. The analyzer can be used to continuously monitor the mass concentration of atmospheric particulates (such as TSP,PM10,PM2.5) and the types and contents of 30 elements in them. Field application in the eastern suburb of Chengdu shows that the concentration of atmospheric particles measured by the analyzer is in good agreement with the monitoring value of Chengdu Environmental Protection Bureau, and the heavy metal elements in particulate matter (such as As,Hg,Cd,Cr,) are in good agreement. Pb et al. Through the technical performance test, it shows that the analyzer has the characteristics of low detection limit, fast analysis, easy to use, and can meet the urgent need of real-time analysis of particulate concentration and elements in the process of urban atmospheric monitoring. Strong field application ability.
【作者单位】：地学核技术四川省重点实验室成都理工大学;四川省原子能研究院;
【基金】：国家863计划项目(2012AA061803) 国家自然科学基金项目(41374136,41474159) 地学核技术四川省重点实验室开放基金项目(gnzds2014002)资助
【分类号】：X851

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