重庆市主城区铺装道路扬尘排放因子与特征研究
发布时间：2018-11-07 14:15
【摘要】：随着我国经济水平的高速发展,伴随而来的是我国的环境污染问题越发严重,尤其是大气污染问题备受关注,重庆市作为我国几个直辖市之一,大气污染问题尤为重要。当前,我国大气污染问题以颗粒物污染为主,颗粒物污染主要来自于工业生产、交通运输、燃煤燃烧等方面,城市扬尘污染占大气颗粒物污染比例较大,而研究表明,道路扬尘污染为城市扬尘污染的重要来源。道路扬尘不仅会影响大气能见度从而形成雾霾天气,同时还对人体健康有严重危害。控制道路扬尘污染是改善城市空气质量的必要措施,因此探究重庆市主城区的铺装道路扬尘排放特征,可为重庆市道路扬尘污染的控制提供理论支持和基础资料。主要研究内容包括:第一,以国内外的相关研究为基础,在四个不同的季节以一年的时间段长度,对重庆市主城区36条不同等级的铺装道路进行了道路扬尘样品现场采集工作。通过后续的分析和计算,得到了重庆市主城区各等级铺装道路尘负荷值分布,其中,主干道、次干道、支路的道路尘负荷平均值依次为0.872g/m2、1.199g/m2、1.463g/m2。第二,采用美国环保署EPA发布的AP-42计算方法,利用道路尘负荷值以及现场实测的道路水平数据,对重庆市主城区各等级铺装道路扬尘排放因子进行了估算,结果显示重庆市主城区各等级铺装道路扬尘排放因子依次为,主干道:TSP为7.601g/VKT、PM10为1.459g/VKT、PM2.5为0.353g/VKT;次干道:TSP为8.840g/VKT、PM10为1.697g/VKT、PM2.5为0.411g/VKT;支路:TSP为9.120g/VKT,PM10为1.751g/VKT、PM2.5为0.424g/VKT。第三,根据重庆市主城区各等级铺装道路扬尘排放因子以及调研资料,还对重庆市主城区各等级铺装道路扬尘排放强度及道路扬尘排放量进行了估算。其中,道路扬尘排放强度依次为,主干道:TSP为330.628kg/(km·d)、PM10为63.464kg/(km·d)、PM2.5为15.352kg/(km·d);次干道:TSP为181.360kg/(km·d)、PM10为34.812kg/(km·d)、PM2.5为8.422kg/(km·d);支路:TSP为47.893kg/(km·d)、PM10为9.193kg/(km·d)、PM2.5为3.559 kg/(km·d)。道路扬尘排放量依次为,主干道:TSP为1643.883t、PM10为315.543t、PM2.5为76.330t;次干道:TSP为1424.459t、PM10为274.000t、PM2.5为66.288t;支路:TSP为726.577t、PM10为139.465t、PM2.5为53.993t,而在重庆市主城区所有等级铺装道路中,道路扬尘一年内TSP、PM10、PM2.5的排放量分别为3794.979t、729.008t、196.611t。第四,利用X射线荧光光谱法(XRD,X-Ray Fluorescence)对现场采集的道路扬尘样品进行了化学分析,结果显示重庆市主城区各等级铺装道路扬尘主要成分为SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、CaO、MgO。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economic level in China, the environmental pollution problem in China is becoming more and more serious, especially the problem of air pollution. As one of the municipalities directly under the Central Government of our country, the problem of air pollution is particularly important. At present, the main air pollution problem in China is particulate pollution, which mainly comes from industrial production, transportation, coal combustion and so on. Urban dust pollution accounts for a large proportion of atmospheric particulate pollution. Road dust pollution is an important source of urban dust pollution. Road dust will not only affect the visibility of the atmosphere and form haze weather, but also have serious harm to human health. The control of road dust pollution is a necessary measure to improve urban air quality. Therefore, it can provide theoretical support and basic data for the control of road dust pollution in Chongqing to explore the characteristics of dust emission from paved roads in the main urban area of Chongqing. The main research contents are as follows: first, based on the related research at home and abroad, in four different seasons in the length of one year, the road dust samples were collected from 36 different grade paving roads in Chongqing main urban area. Through the subsequent analysis and calculation, the distribution of the dust load values of each grade paving road in Chongqing main urban area is obtained. The average value of the road dust load of the main road, secondary trunk road and branch road is 0.872g / m2 / 1.199g / m2 / 1.463g / m ~ (2) respectively, among which the average value of the road dust load is 0.872g / m ~ (-2) / 1.463 g / m ~ (2). Secondly, using the AP-42 calculation method published by EPA of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, using the road dust load value and the field measured road level data, the dust emission factors of each grade paving road in Chongqing's main urban area are estimated. The results showed that the dust emission factors of different grades of paving roads in Chongqing were as follows: the main road: TSP was 7.601g / VKT / PM10, 1.459g / VKT PM2.5 was 0.353g / VKT; Sub-trunk: TSP 8.840g / VKT PM10 = 1.697g / VKT PM2.5 = 0.411g / VKT; branch: TSP = 9.120g / VKT / PM10 = 1.751g / VKT / PM2.5 = 0.424g / VKT. Thirdly, according to the dust emission factors and investigation data of each grade paving road in Chongqing city, the emission intensity and emission amount of road dust emission are estimated. Among them, the emission intensity of road dust is in turn, the main road: TSP is 330.628kg/ (km d), PM10, 63.464kg/ (km d), PM2.5 is 15.352kg/ (km d);. Secondary main road: TSP for 181.360kg/ (km d), PM10 for 34.812kg/ (km d), PM2.5 for 8.422kg/ (km d); Branch: TSP for 47.893kg/ (km d), PM10 for 9.193kg/ (km d), PM2.5 for 3.559 kg/ (km d). The emission of dust from main roads was 1643.883tm _ (10) (TSP = 315.543 t / m _ (2.5) was 76.330 t), and the second trunk road (TSP = 1424.459 t / m _ (10) / m _ (10) = 274.000 t / m _ (2.5) = 66.288t). The branch roads: the TSP is 726.577tm 10 is 139.465tm 2.5 is 53.993t, and the emission of TSP,PM10,PM2.5 is 3794.979t / 729.008tt / s 196.611t respectively in all grade paving roads in Chongqing's main urban area in one year. Fourthly, the road dust samples collected in the field were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRD,X-Ray Fluorescence). The results showed that the main component of road dust in Chongqing was SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO..
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X734;X513
本文编号：2316614
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economic level in China, the environmental pollution problem in China is becoming more and more serious, especially the problem of air pollution. As one of the municipalities directly under the Central Government of our country, the problem of air pollution is particularly important. At present, the main air pollution problem in China is particulate pollution, which mainly comes from industrial production, transportation, coal combustion and so on. Urban dust pollution accounts for a large proportion of atmospheric particulate pollution. Road dust pollution is an important source of urban dust pollution. Road dust will not only affect the visibility of the atmosphere and form haze weather, but also have serious harm to human health. The control of road dust pollution is a necessary measure to improve urban air quality. Therefore, it can provide theoretical support and basic data for the control of road dust pollution in Chongqing to explore the characteristics of dust emission from paved roads in the main urban area of Chongqing. The main research contents are as follows: first, based on the related research at home and abroad, in four different seasons in the length of one year, the road dust samples were collected from 36 different grade paving roads in Chongqing main urban area. Through the subsequent analysis and calculation, the distribution of the dust load values of each grade paving road in Chongqing main urban area is obtained. The average value of the road dust load of the main road, secondary trunk road and branch road is 0.872g / m2 / 1.199g / m2 / 1.463g / m ~ (2) respectively, among which the average value of the road dust load is 0.872g / m ~ (-2) / 1.463 g / m ~ (2). Secondly, using the AP-42 calculation method published by EPA of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, using the road dust load value and the field measured road level data, the dust emission factors of each grade paving road in Chongqing's main urban area are estimated. The results showed that the dust emission factors of different grades of paving roads in Chongqing were as follows: the main road: TSP was 7.601g / VKT / PM10, 1.459g / VKT PM2.5 was 0.353g / VKT; Sub-trunk: TSP 8.840g / VKT PM10 = 1.697g / VKT PM2.5 = 0.411g / VKT; branch: TSP = 9.120g / VKT / PM10 = 1.751g / VKT / PM2.5 = 0.424g / VKT. Thirdly, according to the dust emission factors and investigation data of each grade paving road in Chongqing city, the emission intensity and emission amount of road dust emission are estimated. Among them, the emission intensity of road dust is in turn, the main road: TSP is 330.628kg/ (km d), PM10, 63.464kg/ (km d), PM2.5 is 15.352kg/ (km d);. Secondary main road: TSP for 181.360kg/ (km d), PM10 for 34.812kg/ (km d), PM2.5 for 8.422kg/ (km d); Branch: TSP for 47.893kg/ (km d), PM10 for 9.193kg/ (km d), PM2.5 for 3.559 kg/ (km d). The emission of dust from main roads was 1643.883tm _ (10) (TSP = 315.543 t / m _ (2.5) was 76.330 t), and the second trunk road (TSP = 1424.459 t / m _ (10) / m _ (10) = 274.000 t / m _ (2.5) = 66.288t). The branch roads: the TSP is 726.577tm 10 is 139.465tm 2.5 is 53.993t, and the emission of TSP,PM10,PM2.5 is 3794.979t / 729.008tt / s 196.611t respectively in all grade paving roads in Chongqing's main urban area in one year. Fourthly, the road dust samples collected in the field were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRD,X-Ray Fluorescence). The results showed that the main component of road dust in Chongqing was SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO..
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X734;X513
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 刘风英，郭光焕;X－射线荧光光谱法测定道路扬尘中21种元素[J];城市环境与城市生态;1996年01期
2 樊守彬;杨力鹏;程水源;;道路环境颗粒物浓度空间分布研究[J];环境科学与技术;2011年07期
，本文编号：2316614
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/huanjinggongchenglunwen/2316614.html
最近更新
教材专著
