基于人口当量法的非渗透地表径流污染负荷评估与对策

发布时间：2018-11-27 06:43

【摘要】：为了反映城市非渗透地表的污染程度,采用人口当量法评估非渗透地表径流污染负荷量的大小,进一步评价城市的面源污染负荷。对北京市"城六区"的地形结构及其2010年的降雨数据进行分析,结合SCS模型和地表径流水质监测数据得出研究区域中各污染物指标的负荷量,再根据居民生活污水排放指标估算出每种污染物的人口当量。结果表明,1km~2的非渗透地表产生的COD的负荷量相当于北京市112.8万人1天生活污水中的COD排放量,NH_4~+-N的负荷量相当于89.04万人1天的排放量,TN的负荷量相当于15.96万人1天的排放量,TP的负荷量相当于15.42万人1天的排放量;2010年"城六区"全年产生的非渗透径流污染负荷量相当于北京市当年常驻人口(1 962万人)48.2天的生活污水的COD排放量、38天的NH_4~+-N排放量、6.8天的TN排放量和6.6天的TP排放量。人口当量法可直观反映城市点源污染与非点源污染的负荷大小,对于解决城市的水环境问题具有重要作用,并为降低城市人口当量污染负荷提供数据参考。
[Abstract]:In order to reflect the pollution degree of urban non-permeable surface, the population equivalent method is used to evaluate the amount of non-permeable surface runoff pollution load, and the non-point source pollution load of the city is further evaluated. Based on the analysis of the topographic structure of "city six districts" and the rainfall data of 2010 in Beijing, combined with the SCS model and the surface runoff water quality monitoring data, the load quantity of each pollutant index in the study area is obtained. The population equivalent of each pollutant is estimated according to the domestic sewage discharge index. The results show that the load of COD produced by the impermeable surface of 1km~2 is equivalent to the amount of COD discharged from the domestic sewage of 1.128 million people in Beijing in one day, and the load of NH_4~-N is equivalent to the discharge of 890400 people per day. The load of TN is equivalent to that of 159600 people per day, and the load of TP is equivalent to that of 154200 people per day. In 2010, the amount of non-permeable runoff pollution load produced by "city six districts" in 2010 was equivalent to the COD discharge of 48.2 days of domestic sewage and 38 days of NH_4~ -N discharge of the resident population (19.62 million people) of Beijing. TN emissions of 6.8 days and TP emissions of 6.6 days. The population equivalent method can directly reflect the load size of urban point source pollution and non-point source pollution. It plays an important role in solving urban water environment problems and provides data reference for reducing the urban population equivalent pollution load.
【作者单位】：北京工业大学建筑工程学院;北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室;河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07304-001-2,2013ZX07304-001-3)
【分类号】：X52;X24

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