竹炭对废水及土壤中镉、氟的吸附及形态影响研究
发布时间：2018-11-28 20:24
【摘要】：土壤是农业生产的基础、人类生存活动的基底,也是一项极其宝贵的不可再生的自然资源。随着工农业的飞速发展和城市化进程的不断加快,我国土壤环境污染越来越严重,污染物通过各种途径进入土壤,虽然土壤有一定的自净能力,但当输入的污染物量超过了土壤的自净能力后,污染物便会通过食物链进入人体,对人类健康造成危害,如何治理被污染土壤是摆在人类面前十分紧迫的一项任务,而水环境和土壤环境相依并存,治水又治土才可以标本兼治,因此本课题选择镉、氟两种重要的无机污染物为研究对象,以新型改良剂竹炭为修复剂,探讨竹炭对废水及土壤中镉、氟的吸附及形态影响,为寻找经济有效的土壤修复技术提供理论和技术支持。本论文研究的主要内容和结论包括:1.竹炭对废水中镉离子的吸附行为。通过在相同浓度镉离子污染废水中添加不同质量的竹炭、调节不同p H值及采用不同的振荡时间;不同浓度镉离子污染废水中,添加同一质量的竹炭;研究影响竹炭吸附废水中镉离子的最佳条件,从而通过竹炭吸附去除废水中的镉。结果表明,加入竹炭的质量越多,单位吸附量越低;p H=8时,吸附量达到最大值;振荡时间在10~70 min时,对吸附量的影响变化较大,80 min后,吸附量趋于平衡;镉离子浓度越大,吸附量也越大。2.竹炭对废水中氟离子的吸附行为。通过在相同浓度氟离子污染废水中添加不同质量的竹炭及采用不同的振荡时间、不同浓度的氟离子废水中加入相同质量的竹炭,研究影响竹炭对废水中氟离子吸附的条件,找出最佳条件来去除废水中的氟。实验表明竹炭加入量越多,单位吸附量越低;振荡时间在10~60 min时,吸附量变化明显,80~100 min时,吸附趋于平衡;氟离子的初始浓度越大,吸附量越大。3.竹炭对污染土壤中镉的吸附行为及形态影响。在清洁土壤中人为加入不同浓度的镉污染溶液,浸泡一个月后风干碾碎,再加入不同比例的竹炭,蒸馏水浸没土壤后25℃恒温培养50天后取出,研磨后用Twssier改进法浸提出五种形态:水溶态、可交换态、铁锰氧化物结合态、有机结合态、残渣态。测定各种形态的含量,分析结果显示加入竹炭可以降低土壤中镉的有效态含量。4.竹炭对土壤中氟的吸附行为及形态影响。同样取清洁土壤直接加入不同浓度氟污染溶液,风干混匀后,加入不同质量比的竹炭,直接振荡提取五种形态。研究结果表明竹炭可以改变轻污染土壤中氟的形态,从而使氟的有效态含量降低,但对重污染土壤中氟的有效形态没有明显影响。
[Abstract]:Soil is the basis of agricultural production, the basis of human survival activities, and an extremely valuable non-renewable natural resource. With the rapid development of industry and agriculture and the acceleration of urbanization, the pollution of soil environment in China is becoming more and more serious. Pollutants enter the soil through various ways, although the soil has a certain capacity of self-purification. However, when the amount of pollutants imported exceeds the self-purification capacity of the soil, the pollutants will enter the human body through the food chain, causing harm to human health. How to treat the contaminated soil is a very urgent task in front of mankind. But the water environment and the soil environment depend on each other, the water and the soil can be treated simultaneously. Therefore, two important inorganic pollutants, cadmium and fluorine, are chosen as the research object, and the new improver, bamboo charcoal, is used as the remediation agent. The effects of bamboo charcoal on the adsorption and morphology of cadmium and fluorine in waste water and soil were discussed in order to provide theoretical and technical support for finding economic and effective soil remediation techniques. The main contents and conclusions of this thesis are as follows: 1. Adsorption of cadmium ion in wastewater by bamboo charcoal. Different pH values and oscillating time were adjusted by adding bamboo charcoal of different quality in the wastewater polluted by cadmium ion of the same concentration, and bamboo charcoal of the same quality was added in the wastewater polluted by cadmium ion with different concentration. The optimum conditions affecting the adsorption of cadmium ions in wastewater by bamboo charcoal were studied, so as to remove cadmium from wastewater by bamboo charcoal adsorption. The results showed that the higher the mass of bamboo charcoal was, the lower the unit adsorption capacity was, the maximum adsorption capacity was reached when pH = 8, the influence of oscillation time was 10 ~ 70 min, and the adsorption capacity tended to equilibrium after 80 min. The higher the concentration of cadmium ion, the larger the adsorption capacity. Adsorption behavior of bamboo charcoal on fluoride ion in wastewater. By adding bamboo charcoal of different quality to the wastewater of the same concentration of fluorine ion and using different oscillating time and adding the same quality of bamboo charcoal into the wastewater of different concentration of fluorine ion, the conditions affecting the adsorption of fluorine ion on the waste water by bamboo charcoal were studied. Find out the best conditions for removing fluorine from the wastewater. The experimental results show that the higher the amount of bamboo charcoal is, the lower the unit adsorption amount is, the greater the initial concentration of fluorine ion is, the greater the adsorption capacity is when the oscillating time is 10 ~ 60 min, the adsorption capacity changes obviously, the adsorption tends to be equilibrium at 80 ~ 100 min, and the higher the initial concentration of fluorine ion is, the greater the adsorption capacity is. Effects of bamboo charcoal on the adsorption behavior and morphology of cadmium in contaminated soil. In clean soil, different concentrations of cadmium pollution solution were added to clean soil, soaked in air for one month, then mashed with bamboo charcoal of different proportion, distilled water immersed in soil and incubated at 25 鈩，
本文编号：2364162
[Abstract]:Soil is the basis of agricultural production, the basis of human survival activities, and an extremely valuable non-renewable natural resource. With the rapid development of industry and agriculture and the acceleration of urbanization, the pollution of soil environment in China is becoming more and more serious. Pollutants enter the soil through various ways, although the soil has a certain capacity of self-purification. However, when the amount of pollutants imported exceeds the self-purification capacity of the soil, the pollutants will enter the human body through the food chain, causing harm to human health. How to treat the contaminated soil is a very urgent task in front of mankind. But the water environment and the soil environment depend on each other, the water and the soil can be treated simultaneously. Therefore, two important inorganic pollutants, cadmium and fluorine, are chosen as the research object, and the new improver, bamboo charcoal, is used as the remediation agent. The effects of bamboo charcoal on the adsorption and morphology of cadmium and fluorine in waste water and soil were discussed in order to provide theoretical and technical support for finding economic and effective soil remediation techniques. The main contents and conclusions of this thesis are as follows: 1. Adsorption of cadmium ion in wastewater by bamboo charcoal. Different pH values and oscillating time were adjusted by adding bamboo charcoal of different quality in the wastewater polluted by cadmium ion of the same concentration, and bamboo charcoal of the same quality was added in the wastewater polluted by cadmium ion with different concentration. The optimum conditions affecting the adsorption of cadmium ions in wastewater by bamboo charcoal were studied, so as to remove cadmium from wastewater by bamboo charcoal adsorption. The results showed that the higher the mass of bamboo charcoal was, the lower the unit adsorption capacity was, the maximum adsorption capacity was reached when pH = 8, the influence of oscillation time was 10 ~ 70 min, and the adsorption capacity tended to equilibrium after 80 min. The higher the concentration of cadmium ion, the larger the adsorption capacity. Adsorption behavior of bamboo charcoal on fluoride ion in wastewater. By adding bamboo charcoal of different quality to the wastewater of the same concentration of fluorine ion and using different oscillating time and adding the same quality of bamboo charcoal into the wastewater of different concentration of fluorine ion, the conditions affecting the adsorption of fluorine ion on the waste water by bamboo charcoal were studied. Find out the best conditions for removing fluorine from the wastewater. The experimental results show that the higher the amount of bamboo charcoal is, the lower the unit adsorption amount is, the greater the initial concentration of fluorine ion is, the greater the adsorption capacity is when the oscillating time is 10 ~ 60 min, the adsorption capacity changes obviously, the adsorption tends to be equilibrium at 80 ~ 100 min, and the higher the initial concentration of fluorine ion is, the greater the adsorption capacity is. Effects of bamboo charcoal on the adsorption behavior and morphology of cadmium in contaminated soil. In clean soil, different concentrations of cadmium pollution solution were added to clean soil, soaked in air for one month, then mashed with bamboo charcoal of different proportion, distilled water immersed in soil and incubated at 25 鈩，
本文编号：2364162
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