基于生态评估的新疆玛纳斯县域发展适宜性分析

发布时间：2018-12-08 17:09

【摘要】：生态评估可以确定生态保护的重点区域,为城市规划提供科学参考。该文以新疆玛纳斯县为研究区域,首先根据专家知识和层次分析法,建立了生态敏感性和生态风险评价指标体系,然后在ArcGIS 9.3软件平台进行生态敏感性和生态风险综合评估,最后根据生态评估结果进行了县域发展适宜性分析,并划分了禁建区、限建区和适建区。结果表明:应用专家知识、层次分析法和GIS(geographical information system)进行生态评估,具有可操作性和结果的可靠性;高敏感区、较高敏感区、中度敏感区、低度敏感区和非敏感区分别占研究区域总面积的41.31%、16.17%、16.44%、7.07%和19.01%;高生态风险区主要分布于塔西河乡南部、清水河乡中部和南部,以及广东地乡北部,较高风险区分布于塔西河中下游沿岸、玛纳斯河下游沿岸,其他地区生态风险等级较低;县域发展适宜性较高的区域主要位于玛纳斯镇大部分地区,兰州湾镇及147团场西部地区,北五岔北部,新湖农场,148团场、149团场、150团场东部地区,不适宜发展区域主要位于北部沙漠、南部山区、玛纳斯河和塔西河沿线及湿地区域。
[Abstract]:Ecological assessment can determine the key areas of ecological protection and provide scientific reference for urban planning. Taking Manas County in Xinjiang as the research area, the paper first establishes the ecological sensitivity and ecological risk evaluation index system based on expert knowledge and AHP. Then the ecological sensitivity and ecological risk are evaluated on the ArcGIS 9.3 software platform. Finally, according to the results of ecological assessment, the suitability of county development is analyzed, and the no-building area, the restricted construction area and the suitable construction area are divided. The results show that the application of expert knowledge, analytic hierarchy process and GIS (geographical information system) to ecological assessment is feasible and reliable. The areas of high sensitivity, moderate sensitivity, low sensitivity and insensitivity accounted for 41.31% and 19.01% of the total area of the study area, respectively. The high ecological risk areas are mainly distributed in the south of Taxi River, the central and southern parts of Qingshui River, and the northern part of Guangdongdi. The higher risk areas are distributed along the middle and lower reaches of the Tasi River and the lower reaches of the Manas River, and the ecological risk levels in other areas are lower. The areas with high suitability for county development are mainly located in most areas of Manas Town, the western part of Lanzhou Bay Town and 147 regiment farms, the north of North Wucha, the New Lake Farm, 148 regiment farms, 149 regiment farms, and the eastern part of 150 regiment farms. The unsuitable areas are mainly located in the northern desert, the southern mountainous area, the Manas River and the Tasi River line and the wetland area.
【作者单位】：清华大学环境学院生态学教研所;中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院;中国城市规划设计研究院风景园林规划研究所;
【基金】：环境模拟与污染控制国家重点实验室专项(11Y02ESPCT) 中国城市规划设计研究院新疆玛纳斯县域生态环境保护建设专题资助项目(20132000936)
【分类号】：F127;X826

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