基于被动采样的工业区水体内分泌干扰性检测技术研究
发布时间：2018-12-25 15:15
【摘要】：典型工业区排放的废水中含有不同种类的有机污染物,严重危害生态环境和人类健康。这些复杂的污染成分能够在环境中相互作用,并发生形态和结构改变,因而单一的化学分析方法很难对它们的综合环境效应进行评价。为了保护环境和生态系统,需要对水体进行基于生物毒性效应指标的评估与管理。本论文针对工业区水体毒性监管中样品采集、内分泌干扰性评价等方面存在的问题,展开如下研究。针对工业区水体中污染物采样的过程,传统采样方法在污染物浓度较低时无法及时有效的采集到污染信息。本文制作了基于时间权重浓度的极性一体化被动采样器(POCIS)来对水中的污染物进行采样,并通过实验室研究对采样器进行了校核及优化。研究表明,基于HLB吸附剂的被动采样器,显示出良好的采样线性;温度从4℃到25℃时,POCIS对壬基酚、莠去津、四溴双酚A(TBBPA)的采集速率分别提高了37.8%,27.7%,和28.9%;盐度增加使POCIS对莠去津的采样效率增加1.53倍,对壬基酚和TBBPA的影响不显著;POCIS对莠去津的采样速率在酸性条件和碱性条件下比中性条件下分别低19.3%和33.7%;增加水的搅拌程度,莠去津的采集质量为静止下的2.35倍,四溴双酚A是1.83倍,壬基酚是1.76倍。采样器可用于污染物质的现场被动采样。针对内分泌污染物的检测存在成本高昂的缺点,本文对基于植酸酶报告基因的重组Arxula Adeninivorans酵母检测内分泌干扰性的方法进行优化。以麦芽糖为碳源时,植酸酶报告基因具有较好的表达活性;酵母菌与待测溶液接触的初始菌液浓度为OD630=2时,检测结果更稳定;酵母菌与待测液接触时间为16 h-24 h时,报告基因表达量与17β-雌二醇浓度呈较好的线性关系;酶反应的最佳时间为(70±5)min。基于该活性检测体系,17β-雌二醇的EC50是83.80 ng/L。壬基酚的EC50为624.83μg/L,而双酚A的EC50为327.68μg/L。将被动采样和植酸酶报告基因重组酵母法应用于典型工业区水体内分泌干扰性评价。首先,以17β-雌二醇为目标污染物质,在实验室条件下对POCIS针对内分泌干扰物的采样特性进行校核:温度从4℃到35℃,采样速率提高37%;转子在高搅拌速度下采样速率达到低搅拌速率的4倍;盐度和pH对采样速率影响不显著。最后将此方法现场校核,采样速率Rs为0.25 L/d。用于受纳典型工业区排水的龙岗河的内分泌干扰活性筛查,发现龙岗河的内分泌干扰活性水平相当于3.1 ng/L的17β-雌二醇。结果表明可以将被动采样技术与基因重组酵母法结合,综合评价环境水体内分泌干扰性的生物效应。
[Abstract]:The waste water discharged from typical industrial areas contains different kinds of organic pollutants, which seriously endangers the ecological environment and human health. These complex contaminants can interact with each other in the environment and undergo morphological and structural changes. Therefore, it is difficult for a single chemical analysis method to evaluate their comprehensive environmental effects. In order to protect the environment and ecosystem, it is necessary to evaluate and manage the water body based on the biotoxicity index. This paper aims at the problems of sample collection and endocrine disturbance evaluation in the water toxicity supervision of industrial area, and carries out the following research. In view of the sampling process of pollutants in industrial area, the traditional sampling method can not collect the pollution information in time and effectively when the concentration of pollutants is low. In this paper, a polarity integrated passive sampler (POCIS) based on time weight concentration is made to sample pollutants in water, and the sampler is checked and optimized through laboratory research. The research shows that the passive sampler based on HLB adsorbent shows good sampling linearity. From 4 鈩，
本文编号：2391296
[Abstract]:The waste water discharged from typical industrial areas contains different kinds of organic pollutants, which seriously endangers the ecological environment and human health. These complex contaminants can interact with each other in the environment and undergo morphological and structural changes. Therefore, it is difficult for a single chemical analysis method to evaluate their comprehensive environmental effects. In order to protect the environment and ecosystem, it is necessary to evaluate and manage the water body based on the biotoxicity index. This paper aims at the problems of sample collection and endocrine disturbance evaluation in the water toxicity supervision of industrial area, and carries out the following research. In view of the sampling process of pollutants in industrial area, the traditional sampling method can not collect the pollution information in time and effectively when the concentration of pollutants is low. In this paper, a polarity integrated passive sampler (POCIS) based on time weight concentration is made to sample pollutants in water, and the sampler is checked and optimized through laboratory research. The research shows that the passive sampler based on HLB adsorbent shows good sampling linearity. From 4 鈩，
本文编号：2391296
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