无锡市分级颗粒物来源解析研究

发布时间：2018-12-29 11:16

【摘要】：在无锡市崇宁和旺庄环境监测子站,通过对分级颗粒物进行不同季节(2014年4、7、10、12月)的采样,同时对当地颗粒物主要排放源进行采样,并对受体和排放源样品浓度和化学成分进行特征分析,结合化学质量平衡(CMB)模型解析无锡市城区和工业区分级颗粒物来源,确定分级颗粒物不同排放源的贡献率.两个观测站点,PM10年均浓度分别为143.1μg·m~(-3)(崇宁站)、119.9μg·m~(-3)(旺庄站);PM_(2.1)平均质量浓度分别为71.9μg·m~(-3)(崇宁站)、65.3μg·m~(-3)(旺庄站);PM_(1.1)年平均质量浓度分别为53.7μg·m~(-3)(崇宁站)、49.9μg·m~(-3)(旺庄).崇宁站各级颗粒物平均质量浓度均要高于旺庄站,季节差异上,颗粒物浓度在冬季明显高于其他三个季节.分级颗粒物最主要的化学成分是NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、OC、NH_4~+、EC、Ca、Cl~-、K、Fe、Al、Na等,通过质量重构方法后最主要的化学组分依次是颗粒态有机物(POM)、硫酸根(SO2-4)、硝酸根(NO-3)、铵根(NH_4~+)、地壳元素(CM)、其它水溶性离子、元素碳(EC)和微量元素.利用CMB模型计算得到,无锡市PM10的排放源主要为二次硝酸盐(18.2%)、二次硫酸盐(17.3%)、土壤扬尘(9.0%),PM_(2.1)最主要的三类排放源依次是二次硝酸盐(26.4%)、二次硫酸盐(22.6%)和电厂燃煤(7.3%),PM_(1.1)的排放主要来自二次硝酸盐和二次硫酸盐,分别可以达到26.6%和22.5%.分级颗粒物来源解析结果可以看出,粗粒径颗粒物主要来自于扬尘类、汽车尾气和工业过程,细粒径颗粒物主要来自汽车尾气和工业过程.为了减轻无锡市颗粒物浓度水平,重点是控制燃煤、工业生产活动中大气污染物的排放,同时要加强城市建设中的扬尘和交通废气控制.
[Abstract]:At the environmental monitoring substations in Chongning and Wangzhuang, Wuxi City, samples were collected in different seasons (4 / 7 / 10, December 2014), and the main emission sources of local particulates were also sampled. The characteristics of the concentration and chemical composition of the receptor and emission source samples were analyzed, and the sources of classified particulate matter in Wuxi city and industrial area were analyzed with the (CMB) model of chemical mass balance, and the contribution rate of different emission sources of classified particulate matter was determined. The average annual concentration of PM10 was 143.1 渭 g m-3 (Chongning station) and 119.9 渭 m-3 (Wangzhuang station) respectively. The mean mass concentrations of PM_ (2.1) were 71.9 渭 g m-3 (Chongning station) and 65.3 渭 g m-3 (Wangzhuang station), respectively. The average annual mass concentrations of PM_ (1.1) were 53.7 渭 g m-3 (Chongning station) and 49.9 渭 g m-3 (Wangzhuang), respectively. The average mass concentration of particulate matter at all levels in Chongning station was higher than that in Wangzhuang station, and the concentration of particulate matter in winter was obviously higher than that in the other three seasons. NO_3~-,SO_4~ (2-), OC,NH_4~, EC,Ca,Cl~-,K,Fe,Al,Na, etc. The main chemical components after mass reconstruction are (POM), sulfate (SO2-4), nitrate (NO-3), ammonium (NH_4~) and other water-soluble ions of (CM),. Elemental carbon (EC) and trace elements. According to CMB model, the main sources of PM10 emission in Wuxi are secondary nitrate (18.2%), secondary sulfate (17.3%), soil dust (9.0%). The three main emission sources of PM_ (2. 1) are secondary nitrate (26. 4%), secondary sulfate (22. 6%) and coal-fired power plant (7. 3%). The emission of PM_ (1.1) mainly comes from secondary nitrate and secondary sulfate, which can reach 26.6% and 22.5% respectively. It can be seen that the coarse particle size mainly comes from the dust, automobile exhaust gas and industrial process, and the fine particle size mainly comes from the automobile exhaust gas and the industrial process. In order to reduce the concentration of particulate matter in Wuxi, the emphasis is on controlling the emission of air pollutants from coal combustion and industrial production activities, and at the same time strengthening the dust raising and traffic exhaust control in urban construction.
【作者单位】：南京大学大气科学学院;无锡市环境监测中心站;江南大学环境与土木工程学院;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0208504,2016YFC0203303) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2014CB441203)
【分类号】：X513

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