曝气对黑臭河道水体污染修复的影响研究
发布时间：2019-01-12 14:23
【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程及人口的剧增,废水排放量快速增长,导致许多城市河流受到不同程度的污染,其中有机污染比较普遍,表现为水体严重缺氧,甚至发黑发臭。河道黑臭现象在我国目前已普遍存在。曝气充氧技术因其投入低成本、见效快,在国内外污染河道治理中被广泛使用。曝气充氧有利于氧传质,提高水体溶解氧水平,恢复和增强水体中好氧微生物活性,抑制底泥氮、磷的释放,增加液体混合和污泥絮凝,从而使水体中污染物得以去除,改善河道水质情况。本文通过模拟试验方法,分析曝气设备及强度、曝气方式、曝气位置等对河道污染治理的作用及机理,以期为河道水体修复提供技术支持。本文的主要研究结论如下:1)微米曝气装置可以快速提高水体中溶解氧含量,CODcr,NH4+-N,TN和土臭素Geosmin的最大去除率分别是51.39%、44.10%、38.96%、44.80%,去除效果高于普通曝气。间歇曝气下CODcr和NH4+-N的去除率分别是51.44%和72.93%,分别比连续曝气低3.83%和1.93%。但间歇曝气对水体TN去除率明显高于连续曝气。间歇曝气有利于脱氮,TN去除率提高,也可以减少工程运行费用。2)人工曝气促使试验前期底泥污染物快速释放,使上覆水体中各项污染物指标上升;随着水体DO浓度的增加,硝化细菌、嗜磷菌等好氧细菌活性增强,水体中CODcr、氨氮、TN和TP得到降解或转化,浓度快速下降。试验期内,人工曝气底泥中TN、TP的平均释放速率分别为:-0.11g/(m2·d)和-0.02g/(m2·d)。水体中DO浓度增加,可以有效抑制底泥中氮和磷的释放,对水体有机污染物、TN及TP有一定削减作用。3)曝气充氧可以改变底泥的理化性质,间接影响间隙水、底泥中各形态氮的含量。在同样曝气量下,底泥曝气比水体曝气能够更好的去除底泥中污染物,并减少再次释放,在一定深度内,曝气深度越深,处理效果越好,X-15组CODcr、NH4+-N、TN及TP的除率分别为69.73%、78.36%、45.98%及84.21%。因此,充分利用底泥曝气技术及合理选择曝气位置有助于河道水体环境修复。
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase of urbanization and population in China, the discharge of wastewater increases rapidly, which results in many urban rivers being polluted to varying degrees, among which organic pollution is common, which is characterized by serious lack of oxygen in the water body and even blackness and odour. At present, the phenomenon of blackness and odour in river channels is widespread in our country. Aeration oxygenation technology is widely used in the treatment of polluted rivers at home and abroad because of its low cost and quick effect. Aeration and oxygenation is beneficial to oxygen transfer, improve the level of dissolved oxygen in water, restore and enhance aerobic microbial activity, inhibit the release of nitrogen and phosphorus from sediment, increase liquid mixing and sludge flocculation, so as to remove pollutants in water. Improve the water quality of the river. In this paper, the effect and mechanism of aeration equipment and intensity, aeration mode and aeration position on river pollution control are analyzed by means of simulation test method, in order to provide technical support for river water body restoration. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) the content of dissolved oxygen in water can be increased rapidly by micron aeration device. The maximum removal rates of CODcr,NH4 NTN and soil odor Geosmin are 51.39% 44.10% and 38.96% 44.80%, respectively. The removal efficiency is higher than that of ordinary aeration. The removal rates of CODcr and NH4-N under intermittent aeration were 51.44% and 72.93% respectively, which were lower than those of continuous aeration by 3.83% and 1.93%, respectively. However, the removal rate of TN by intermittent aeration was significantly higher than that by continuous aeration. Intermittent aeration is beneficial to denitrification, TN removal rate is increased, and project running cost can be reduced. 2) artificial aeration can promote the rapid release of pollutants from sediment in the early stage of the test, and increase the pollutant indexes in the overlying water. With the increase of the concentration of DO in water, the activity of aerobic bacteria such as nitrifying bacteria and phosphophilic bacteria increased, CODcr, ammonia nitrogen, TN and TP were degraded or transformed, and the concentration decreased rapidly. During the test period, the average release rates of TN,TP in artificially aerated sediment were-0.11g/ (m2 d) and-0.02g/ (m 2 d).), respectively. The increase of DO concentration in water can effectively inhibit the release of nitrogen and phosphorus in sediment, and reduce organic pollutants in water, TN and TP. 3) aeration and oxygenation can change the physical and chemical properties of sediment and indirectly affect the interstitial water. The content of nitrogen in sediment. Under the same aeration rate, sediment aeration can better remove pollutants and reduce re-release than water aeration. In a certain depth, the deeper the aeration depth, the better the treatment effect, X-15 group CODcr,NH4-N, The removal rates of TN and TP were 45.98% and 84.21%, respectively. Therefore, making full use of sediment aeration technology and reasonable selection of aeration location are helpful to the restoration of river water environment.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52
本文编号：2407878
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase of urbanization and population in China, the discharge of wastewater increases rapidly, which results in many urban rivers being polluted to varying degrees, among which organic pollution is common, which is characterized by serious lack of oxygen in the water body and even blackness and odour. At present, the phenomenon of blackness and odour in river channels is widespread in our country. Aeration oxygenation technology is widely used in the treatment of polluted rivers at home and abroad because of its low cost and quick effect. Aeration and oxygenation is beneficial to oxygen transfer, improve the level of dissolved oxygen in water, restore and enhance aerobic microbial activity, inhibit the release of nitrogen and phosphorus from sediment, increase liquid mixing and sludge flocculation, so as to remove pollutants in water. Improve the water quality of the river. In this paper, the effect and mechanism of aeration equipment and intensity, aeration mode and aeration position on river pollution control are analyzed by means of simulation test method, in order to provide technical support for river water body restoration. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) the content of dissolved oxygen in water can be increased rapidly by micron aeration device. The maximum removal rates of CODcr,NH4 NTN and soil odor Geosmin are 51.39% 44.10% and 38.96% 44.80%, respectively. The removal efficiency is higher than that of ordinary aeration. The removal rates of CODcr and NH4-N under intermittent aeration were 51.44% and 72.93% respectively, which were lower than those of continuous aeration by 3.83% and 1.93%, respectively. However, the removal rate of TN by intermittent aeration was significantly higher than that by continuous aeration. Intermittent aeration is beneficial to denitrification, TN removal rate is increased, and project running cost can be reduced. 2) artificial aeration can promote the rapid release of pollutants from sediment in the early stage of the test, and increase the pollutant indexes in the overlying water. With the increase of the concentration of DO in water, the activity of aerobic bacteria such as nitrifying bacteria and phosphophilic bacteria increased, CODcr, ammonia nitrogen, TN and TP were degraded or transformed, and the concentration decreased rapidly. During the test period, the average release rates of TN,TP in artificially aerated sediment were-0.11g/ (m2 d) and-0.02g/ (m 2 d).), respectively. The increase of DO concentration in water can effectively inhibit the release of nitrogen and phosphorus in sediment, and reduce organic pollutants in water, TN and TP. 3) aeration and oxygenation can change the physical and chemical properties of sediment and indirectly affect the interstitial water. The content of nitrogen in sediment. Under the same aeration rate, sediment aeration can better remove pollutants and reduce re-release than water aeration. In a certain depth, the deeper the aeration depth, the better the treatment effect, X-15 group CODcr,NH4-N, The removal rates of TN and TP were 45.98% and 84.21%, respectively. Therefore, making full use of sediment aeration technology and reasonable selection of aeration location are helpful to the restoration of river water environment.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 方宇翘;裘祖楠;马梅芳;姚振淮;漆德瑶;;污染河流底泥释放有机物的模拟研究[J];环境污染与防治;1989年02期
，本文编号：2407878
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