铁路建设项目环境影响综合评价研究

发布时间：2019-01-23 08:42

【摘要】：随着我国铁路建设的发展,铁路建设对环境的各种负面影响日益突出,铁路建设项目环境评价工作受到广泛关注。本文以铁路建设工程特性为出发点,提出了铁路环境影响评价的研究范围一一铁路路域生态系统,并从系统理论和环境承载力等理论出发,构建了铁路建设环境影响评价的理论支撑,概述了铁路建设项目对于生态环境、土地资源、水环境、大气环境和声环境的一般影响,确立了铁路建设项目环境影响综合评价的基本内容,构建了评价模型,并基于PSR框架模型,构建了铁路建设项目和铁路在运营期间的指标体系。指标体系中的指标的重要程度是不相同的,因此,对于指标的选取也是环境影响评价中比较重要的一环,本文提出了列表筛选法、主成分分析法和层次分析法对指标进行排序。环境评价中选取的指标的定量化一直是环境影响评价的主要研究对象之一,本文对各评价指标进行了定量化的探讨,在各指标定量化的基础上,提出了铁路建设环境影响评价的数学模型和计算流程,并以兰州至乌鲁木齐第二双线(甘肃段)的铁路建设为实例,验证了本文所提出的有关于铁路环境影响评价的研究。
[Abstract]:With the development of railway construction in China, the negative impact of railway construction on the environment has become increasingly prominent, and environmental evaluation of railway construction projects has received extensive attention. Based on the characteristics of railway construction engineering, this paper puts forward the research scope of railway environmental impact assessment-railway road ecosystem, and proceeds from the system theory and environmental bearing capacity theory. The theoretical support of environmental impact assessment of railway construction is constructed, and the general effects of railway construction projects on ecological environment, land resources, water environment, atmospheric environment and sound environment are summarized. The basic contents of comprehensive environmental impact assessment of railway construction projects are established, and the evaluation model is constructed. Based on the PSR framework model, the index system of railway construction projects and railway during the operation period is constructed. The importance of indicators in the index system is not the same. Therefore, the selection of indicators is also an important part of environmental impact assessment. In this paper, the list screening method, principal component analysis and analytic hierarchy process are proposed to sort the indicators. The quantification of selected indicators in environmental assessment is always one of the main research objects of environmental impact assessment. This paper puts forward the mathematical model and calculation flow of environmental impact assessment of railway construction, and takes the railway construction of the second double track from Lanzhou to Urumqi (Gansu section) as an example to verify the research on railway environmental impact assessment proposed in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X82;U212

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