基于ESEF的水生态承载力评估——以太湖流域湖州市为例

发布时间：2019-03-28 05:58

【摘要】：以基于生态系统服务的生态足迹(ESEF)为基础的水生态承载力评估方法,综合考虑了水量支撑、水质限定和水生态稳定三方面特征,从而实现了足迹方法对水生态系统承载能力的有效表征。然而,如何界定水产品、水资源和水污染足迹以及承载力之间的关系,是目前研究的重点和难点。以太湖流域上游湖州市为例,探讨了在考虑或不考虑水质标准与环境功能分类的情况下,如何利用求并集法或求平均值法进行基于ESEF的水生态承载力评估。研究表明,两种方法均反映出湖州市人们对水生态系统服务的消费需求超出了当地水生态系统的供给能力,需求与供给之间的差距对当地水生态系统的可持续性造成影响。综合考虑水产品供给、水量支撑和水质保障三方面因素,湖州市水生态系统可承载的人口与经济规模为现状水平的95%;如果增加对水质标准和环境功能分类的考虑,则湖州市水生态系统的承载能力仅为现状水平的79%。虽然求并集法的计算结果更有说服力,但是求平均值法则提供了在更小尺度上研究的可能。
[Abstract]:The assessment method of water ecological carrying capacity based on ecological footprint (ESEF) based on ecosystem service takes into account the characteristics of water quantity support, water quality limit and water ecological stability. Therefore, the footprint method can effectively represent the carrying capacity of water ecosystem. However, how to define the relationship among aquatic products, water resources and water pollution footprint as well as carrying capacity is the focus and difficulty of current research. Taking Huzhou City in the upper reaches of Taihu Lake Basin as an example, this paper discusses how to evaluate the ecological carrying capacity of water based on ESEF with or without consideration of water quality standards and classification of environmental functions. The results show that both methods reflect that the consumption demand for water ecosystem services in Huzhou City exceeds the supply capacity of local water ecosystem, and the gap between demand and supply has an impact on the sustainability of local water ecosystem. Considering the three factors of aquatic product supply, water quantity support and water quality guarantee, the population and economic scale of Huzhou water ecosystem is 95% of the current level. If the consideration of water quality standards and environmental functional classification is increased, the carrying capacity of Huzhou water ecosystem is only 79% of the current level. Although the results of the union set method are more persuasive, the average method provides the possibility to study on a smaller scale.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;
【基金】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所“一三五”战略科技计划项目(2012ZD007);中国科学院外国专家特聘研究员计划项目(2013T2Z0011) 中国博士后科学基金项目(2013M530710)~~
【分类号】：X826;X143

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