山西省典型燃煤污染区土壤中多环芳烃风险评价

发布时间：2019-05-05 11:52

【摘要】：在山西省临汾市南部燃煤污染代表性区域(1034 km~2)采集了128个表层土壤样品,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析了土壤中16种优控多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,并对样品中PAHs的生态风险和人体健康风险进行了评价。结果显示,16种PAHs的质量分数为(723.2±1 230)μg·kg~(-1),组成成分以4~6环为主。根据Maliszewska-Kordybach分级评价标准,研究区域土壤中78.12%的样品受到PAHs不同程度的污染。基于内梅罗综合污染指数法评价结果,研究区域83.59%的样点存在PAHs污染,其中古城镇和新城镇60%以上的采样点达到了重度污染级别。基于毒性当量因子(Toxic Equivalency Factor,TEF)风险评价法的生态风险评价结果显示,荷兰土壤质量标准所涉及到的10种PAHs的苯并(a)芘(Bap)毒性当量浓度(Bap toxic equivalent quantity,TEQ_(Bap))为(67.50±137.7)μg·kg~(-1),其中42.19%的样点超过荷兰土壤TEQ_(Bap10)的标准限值,古城镇和新城镇土壤中PAHs平均超标3倍以上。对研究区域的暴露人群分别进行非致癌风险及致癌风险评价,结果显示研究区域土壤中的PAHs不会对成人和儿童产生明显的非致癌风险。而在古城镇、新城镇、陶寺乡、景毛乡和永固乡,土壤中PAHs引起的综合致癌风险已超过可接受致癌风险(10~(-6)),对人群健康构成了潜在威胁,需引起重视;其他研究区域的致癌风险仍在可接受范围(10~(-6))之内。
[Abstract]:A total of 128 topsoil samples were collected from the representative area of coal-burning pollution (1034 km~2) in the southern part of Linfen City, Shanxi Province. The contents of 16 PAHs (PAHs) in the soil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The ecological risk and human health risk of PAHs in the samples were evaluated. The results showed that the mass fraction of PAHs was (723.2 卤1 230) 渭 g kg~ (- 1). According to the criteria of Maliszewska-Kordybach classification, 78.12% of the samples in the studied soil were polluted by PAHs in different degrees. Based on the evaluation results of Nemero comprehensive pollution index method, 83.59% of the sample sites in the studied area had PAHs pollution, and more than 60% of the sampling sites in ancient and new towns had reached the severe pollution level. The results of ecological risk assessment based on the risk assessment method of toxicity equivalent factor (Toxic Equivalency Factor,TEF) showed that the toxicity equivalent concentration (Bap toxic equivalent quantity, of benzo (a) pyrene (Bap) of 10 kinds of PAHs involved in the Netherlands soil quality standard. The TEQ_ (Bap) was (67.50 卤137.7) 渭 g kg~ (- 1), and 42.19% of the samples exceeded the standard limit of TEQ_ (Bap10) in Dutch soil. The PAHs in ancient and new towns exceeded 3 times on average. The non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk of exposed population in the study area were evaluated respectively. The results showed that PAHs in the soil of the study area had no obvious non-carcinogenic risk to adults and children. But in ancient towns, new towns, Tao Si township, JingMao township and Yonggu township, the comprehensive carcinogenic risk caused by PAHs in soil has exceeded the acceptable carcinogenic risk (10 ~ (- 6), poses a potential threat to human health and needs to be paid attention to; The risk of carcinogenesis in other study areas is still within acceptable range (10 ~ (- 6).
【作者单位】：中山大学地球科学与地质工程学院;中国环境科学研究院//环境基准和风险评估国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0800302)
【分类号】：X825

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